University of Wisconsin Health Sports Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin.
Sports Health. 2012 Mar;4(2):107-14. doi: 10.1177/1941738111430197.
There is a wide spectrum of hamstring-related injuries that can occur in the athlete. Accurate diagnosis is imperative to prevent delayed return to sport, injury recurrence, and accurate clinical decision making regarding the most efficacious treatment.
This review highlights current evidence related to the diagnosis and treatment of hamstring-related injuries in athletes. Data sources were limited to peer-reviewed publications indexed in MEDLINE from 1988 through May 2011.
An accurate diagnostic process for athletes with posterior thigh-related complaints should include a detailed and discriminative history, followed by a thorough clinical examination. Diagnostic imaging should be utilized when considering hamstring avulsion or ischial apophyseal avulsion. Diagnostic imaging may also be needed to further define the cause of referred posterior thigh pain.
Differentiating acute hamstring strains, hamstring tendon avulsions, ischial apophyseal avulsions, proximal hamstring tendinopathies, and referred posterior thigh pain is critical in determining the most appropriate treatment and expediting safe return to play.
运动员中可能发生广泛的腘绳肌相关损伤。准确的诊断对于防止运动延迟恢复、损伤复发以及对最有效的治疗进行准确的临床决策至关重要。
本综述强调了与运动员中腘绳肌相关损伤的诊断和治疗相关的当前证据。数据来源仅限于 1988 年至 2011 年 5 月在 MEDLINE 索引的同行评审出版物。
对于有后大腿相关抱怨的运动员，准确的诊断过程应包括详细而有区别的病史，然后进行彻底的临床检查。在考虑腘绳肌撕脱或坐骨附突撕脱时，应使用诊断性影像学检查。诊断性影像学检查也可能需要进一步确定放射性后大腿疼痛的原因。
区分急性腘绳肌拉伤、腘绳肌腱撕脱、坐骨附突撕脱、近端腘绳肌腱病和放射性后大腿疼痛对于确定最合适的治疗方法并加速安全重返赛场至关重要。
