Shapiro L P, Levine B A
Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine.
Brain Lang. 1990 Jan;38(1):21-47. doi: 10.1016/0093-934x(90)90100-u.
This study examines verb processing during on-line sentence comprehension in aphasia. We describe two experiments that explore whether a group of Broca's aphasics, who were agrammatic in comprehension as well as speech, a group of fluent aphasics, and a group of normal controls are sensitive to the argument structure arrangements of verbs. Subjects had to perform a complex secondary task both in the immediate vicinity of the verb and also at a point well past the verb while listening to sentences for meaning. Reaction times to this secondary task show that both normal controls and agrammatic Broca's aphasic subjects activate multiple argument structure possibilities for a verb in the vicinity of the verb, yet at a point downstream from the verb such effects disappear. These data suggest that the problems agrammatic subjects show with verbs in sentence comprehension, and the general lexical access deficit also recently claimed to be part of the agrammatics' problem, may not extend to the real-time processing of verbs and their arguments. Fluent aphasic subjects, on the other hand, do not show sensitivity to the argument structure properties of verbs, suggesting that these patients may have a semantic-like sentence processing deficit.
本研究考察失语症患者在线句子理解过程中的动词加工。我们描述了两项实验，探究一组在理解和言语表达上都存在语法缺失的布罗卡失语症患者、一组流利型失语症患者以及一组正常对照组是否对动词的论元结构安排敏感。受试者在听句子理解语义时，必须在动词附近以及动词之后的某个位置执行一项复杂的次要任务。对该次要任务的反应时间表明，正常对照组和语法缺失的布罗卡失语症受试者在动词附近都会激活动词的多种论元结构可能性，但在动词下游的某个位置，这种效应就消失了。这些数据表明，语法缺失受试者在句子理解中表现出的动词问题，以及最近声称也是语法缺失问题一部分的一般词汇通达缺陷，可能并不延伸至动词及其论元的实时加工。另一方面，流利型失语症受试者对动词的论元结构属性不敏感，这表明这些患者可能存在类似语义的句子加工缺陷。
