Errors resembling semantic paralexias in Spanish-speaking aphasics.

Forty-one Spanish-speaking left-hemisphere-damaged patients were selected and divided into seven groups (transcortical, Broca's aphasia, conduction aphasia, Wernicke's aphasia, anomic aphasia, alexia without agraphia, and global aphasia). A reading battery composed of eight different subtests was given to each patient (reading of letters, reading of syllables, reading of pseudowords, reading of words, reading of sentences, understanding commands, reading and comprehension of texts, and logographic reading). Different types of reading errors were analyzed. Only in the logographic reading subtest were some word-recognition errors found, resembling semantic paralexias. It is proposed that semantic paralexias in English (and other languages) depend upon the partial logographic nature of the reading system. The importance of cross-linguistic analysis of reading errors, taking into account reading system idiosyncracies, is emphasized.