Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
J Periodontol. 2013 Jul;84(7):1019-25. doi: 10.1902/jop.2012.120331. Epub 2012 Oct 2.
Periodontitis is a polymicrobial infectious disease. A novel potential chemical treatment modality may lie in bacterial anti-adhesive materials, such as cranberry juice fractions. The aim of this study is to explore the effect of high molecular weight cranberry constituent (non-dialyzable material [NDM]) on the virulence of a mixed infection with Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum in mice.
In vitro, the anti-adhesive property of NDM was validated on epithelial cell culture, and inhibition of coaggregation was tested using a coaggregation assay. The in vivo effect was tested on the outcome of experimental periodontitis induced by a P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum mixed infection, and also on the local host response using the subcutaneous chamber model of infection. Phagocytosis was also tested on RAW macrophages by the use of fluorescent-labeled bacteria.
NDM was found to inhibit the adhesion of both species of bacteria onto epithelial cells and to inhibit coaggregation in a dose-dependent manner. NDM consumption by mice attenuated the severity of experimental periodontitis compared with a mixed infection without NDM treatment. In infected subcutaneous chambers, NDM alone reduced tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels induced by the mixed infection. In vitro, NDM eliminated TNF-α expression by macrophages that were exposed to P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum, without impairing their viability. Furthermore, NDM increased the phagocytosis of P. gingivalis.
The results indicate that the use of NDM may hold potential protective and/or preventive modalities in periodontal disease. Underlying mechanisms for this trait may perhaps be the anti-adhesive properties of NDM or its potential effect on inflammation.
牙周炎是一种多微生物感染性疾病。一种新的潜在化学治疗方法可能在于细菌抗粘附材料，如蔓越莓汁成分。本研究旨在探索高分子量蔓越莓成分（不可透析物质[NDM]）对牙龈卟啉单胞菌和核梭杆菌混合感染小鼠毒力的影响。
在体外，通过上皮细胞培养验证 NDM 的抗粘附特性，并通过共聚试验测试共聚集的抑制作用。在牙龈卟啉单胞菌和核梭杆菌混合感染诱导的实验性牙周炎的结果以及感染的皮下室模型中局部宿主反应上测试体内作用。通过使用荧光标记的细菌还在 RAW 巨噬细胞上测试了吞噬作用。
发现 NDM 以剂量依赖性方式抑制两种细菌粘附到上皮细胞上，并抑制共聚集。与没有 NDM 治疗的混合感染相比，NDM 消耗使小鼠实验性牙周炎的严重程度减轻。在感染的皮下室中，NDM 单独减少了混合感染引起的肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）水平。在体外，NDM 消除了暴露于牙龈卟啉单胞菌和核梭杆菌的巨噬细胞中 TNF-α 的表达，而不损害其活力。此外，NDM 增加了对牙龈卟啉单胞菌的吞噬作用。
结果表明，NDM 的使用可能在牙周病中具有潜在的保护和/或预防方式。这种特性的潜在机制可能是 NDM 的抗粘附特性或其对炎症的潜在影响。
