Donato Maria Pia
Università di Cagliari, Italy.
Nuncius. 2012;27(1):110-40. doi: 10.1163/182539112x637183.
The article treats the Academy of the Linceans in the early nineteenth century, and more particularly during the Napoleonic domination of Rome in 1809-14. For the French regime, the Academy was instrumental to turning intellectuals into notables; pursuing the advancement of knowledge; stimulating industry; fostering secularization and orientating public opinion. But these goals did not always harmonize one with the other. Moreover, the local agenda was subordinated to strategic and ideological considerations pertaining to the organization of the Empire, relations with the Papacy, and internal politics. Hence, support to the Academy was subject to changes and contradictions. Within the Empire, the small local scientific elite found a place within international networks of science. Men of science increased their visibility and social standing, and greater symbolic and material resources were granted to the practice of science. The Academy, however, was left in the unclear status of a semi-public establishment, and it eventually imploded after the Restoration. The article analyses the Academy's scientific activity and its role in public life, focusing on material history as a key element to understand the ambiguous nature of Roman scientific institutions both under the papal government and the French regime.
本文论述了19世纪初的猞猁之眼国家科学院，尤其是在1809年至1814年拿破仑统治罗马期间。对于法国政权而言，该科学院有助于将知识分子转变为显要人物；推动知识进步；刺激工业发展；促进世俗化并引导公众舆论。但这些目标并非总是相互协调一致。此外，地方议程服从于与帝国组织、与教皇国的关系以及国内政治相关的战略和意识形态考量。因此，对该科学院的支持存在变化和矛盾之处。在帝国范围内，当地的小科学精英群体在国际科学网络中谋得一席之地。科学家提高了自身的知名度和社会地位，并且科学实践获得了更多的象征性和物质资源。然而，该科学院处于半公共机构的模糊地位，最终在复辟后瓦解。本文分析了该科学院的科学活动及其在公共生活中的作用，将物质史作为理解罗马科学机构在教皇统治和法国政权下的模糊性质的关键要素。
