Bronson G W
Department of Psychology, Mills College, Oakland, CA 94613.
J Exp Child Psychol. 1990 Feb;49(1):101-25. doi: 10.1016/0022-0965(90)90051-9.
The characteristics of visual scanning over the 2- to 14-week age period were examined through repeated assessments conducted on a sample of 10 infants. Scanning patterns were measured using a bright-pupil corneal reflex system, and the stimuli consisted of various sets of static, moving, or flickering geometric figures. There appear to be a number of age-related changes in the dominant mode of visual scanning. At the youngest ages the infants' scanning often proved unrelated to the locations of the stimulus contours, and in instances where a stimulus figure was in fact attended the infants typically centered their regard on a single prominent feature. In contrast, as the infants grew older they more consistently directed their saccades toward stimulus contours, became increasingly disposed to scan between different stimulus features, and directed their saccades with increased accuracy. When a stimulus was flickering, however, the infants' scanning characteristics reverted to those typically found at younger ages. The mechanisms which might account for the effects of age and of stimulus quality on visual scanning are considered.
通过对10名婴儿样本进行的重复评估，研究了2至14周龄期间视觉扫描的特征。使用亮瞳角膜反射系统测量扫描模式，刺激物由各种静态、动态或闪烁的几何图形组成。视觉扫描的主导模式似乎存在一些与年龄相关的变化。在最年幼的时候，婴儿的扫描往往与刺激轮廓的位置无关，实际上当注视一个刺激图形时，婴儿通常将目光集中在一个突出特征上。相比之下，随着婴儿年龄的增长，他们更一致地将扫视指向刺激轮廓，越来越倾向于在不同的刺激特征之间进行扫描，并且扫视的准确性也有所提高。然而，当刺激闪烁时，婴儿的扫描特征又恢复到较年幼时常见的特征。本文还探讨了可能解释年龄和刺激质量对视觉扫描影响的机制。
