Department of Psychiatry, Child and Adolescent NeuroDevelopment Initiative (CANDI), University of Massachusetts Memorial Health Care, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am. 2012 Oct;21(4):885-909. doi: 10.1016/j.chc.2012.07.011.
Psychotic symptoms presenting in youth can be clinically complex and require that a child and adolescent psychiatrist use significant skill in making a diagnosis and initiating treatment. There are a number of illnesses to rule out before making a diagnosis of early-onset schizophrenia in particular. Psychosis in youth has significant associated morbidity and places high demands not only on families but also on the medical and educational systems. More effective pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic treatments for psychosis are needed. Nonpharmacologic therapies targeting relatively treatment-resistant domains of dysfunction such as neurocognition are also necessary as adjunctive treatments to our extant pharmacologic agents.
青少年时期出现的精神病症状可能在临床上较为复杂，这需要儿童和青少年精神科医生具备精湛的诊断技能和治疗启动能力。在做出早期发病精神分裂症的诊断之前，需要排除许多疾病。青少年精神病患者的发病率较高，不仅给家庭带来沉重负担，也给医疗和教育系统带来巨大压力。因此，我们需要更有效的精神病药物和非药物治疗方法。针对神经认知等相对治疗抵抗领域的非药物治疗方法作为现有药物治疗的辅助手段也是必要的。
