Alavi Seyyed Salman, Mohammadi Mohammad Reza, Hooshyari Zahra, Mohammadi Kalhori Soroush, Salehi Mona, Salmanian Maryam, Khaleghi Ali, Zarafshan Hadi, Ahmadi Ameneh, Kamali Koorosh, Ahmadi Nastran
Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
Iran J Psychiatry. 2021 Jan;16(1):1-12. doi: 10.18502/ijps.v16i1.5372.
Psychosis is still among the most debilitating and severe mental disorders. The main objective of the present study was to investigate the estimated prevalence of psychotic disorders and finding the main predictors of psychotic disorders among Iranian children and adolescents. Our total sample consisted of 30 553 individuals (49% males and 51%females) from 30 provinces of Iran, aged between 6 and 18 years, who were selected via cluster sampling method from rural and urban areas of all provinces. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistical analysis and multiple logistic regression method. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that prevalence estimate of psychotic disorders was 0.25%. It was 0.3% and 0.2% in males and females, respectively. The age of 10-14 (OR = 2.24; 95% CI, 1.11-4.55) and the age of 15-18 (OR = 3.42; 95% CI, 1.74-6.75) were significant positive predictors, whereas none of the demographic variables were predictors for psychotic symptoms. This research highlights the main predictors of psychosis in children and adolescents. The study design also allowed a better understanding of predictors of psychotic disorders. The assessment of the prevalence of psychiatric disorders, particularly their comorbidities, may help to prevent mental illnesses in children and adolescents.
精神病仍然是最使人衰弱和严重的精神障碍之一。本研究的主要目的是调查伊朗儿童和青少年中精神障碍的估计患病率，并找出精神障碍的主要预测因素。我们的总样本包括来自伊朗30个省份的30553人（49%为男性，51%为女性），年龄在6至18岁之间，他们是通过整群抽样方法从所有省份的农村和城市地区选取的。数据采用描述性统计分析和多元逻辑回归方法进行分析。多元回归分析结果显示，精神障碍的患病率估计为0.25%。男性和女性的患病率分别为0.3%和0.2%。10至14岁（OR = 2.24；95%可信区间，1.11 - 4.55）和15至18岁（OR = 3.42；95%可信区间，1.74 - 6.75）是显著的阳性预测因素，而人口统计学变量均不是精神症状的预测因素。这项研究突出了儿童和青少年精神病的主要预测因素。该研究设计也有助于更好地理解精神障碍的预测因素。对精神障碍患病率的评估，尤其是其共病情况，可能有助于预防儿童和青少年的精神疾病。
