Yale University School of Medicine and Yale Child Study Center, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs National Center for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA.
Science. 2012 Oct 5;338(6103):79-82. doi: 10.1126/science.1222942.
Human responses to stress and trauma vary widely. Some people develop trauma-related psychological disorders, such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression; others develop mild to moderate psychological symptoms that resolve rapidly; still others report no new psychological symptoms in response to traumatic stress. Individual variability in how animals and humans respond to stress and trauma depends on numerous genetic, developmental, cognitive, psychological, and neurobiological risk and protective factors.
人类对应激和创伤的反应差异很大。有些人会出现与创伤相关的心理障碍，如创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）和抑郁症；另一些人则会出现轻度至中度的心理症状，这些症状会迅速缓解；还有一些人在应对创伤性压力时则没有出现新的心理症状。动物和人类对应激和创伤的反应存在个体差异，这取决于众多遗传、发育、认知、心理和神经生物学的风险和保护因素。
