Wainrib Steven
6 avenue Milleret de Brou, 75016 Paris, France.
Int J Psychoanal. 2012 Oct;93(5):1115-35. doi: 10.1111/j.1745-8315.2012.00645.x.
We are not born subject but become one, in a two-and-fro process between what is played out on the intrapsychic stage and the field of intersubjectivation. The author proposes to examine two of the main movements of psychic life brought into play in this process. In the domain of the 'subjectivating link', becoming a subject depends on the relationship with another, authentically taken into account as a desiring subject and not simply as an object for oneself. In the course of history, this intersubjectivation is only internalized as a lasting preconscious predisposition if sufficient trust is established in the possibility of mutual recognition. When this perspective recedes, the subject tends to fall back on narcissistic positions, in search of an end to lack. Such a narcissistic tendency drives the subject to constitute himself by subjugating his objects, striving to rob them of their otherness. A plurality of subject positions will be recognized in every analytic encounter. Psychoanalytic work can allow for a lasting change insofar as it modifies the equilibrium between diverse psychic trends. The multiplicity of the issues at stake in subjectivation allows us to integrate theoretical pluralism while encouraging us to reflect on the diversification of our practices.
我们并非生来就是主体，而是在内心舞台上演的内容与主体间性领域之间的一来一往过程中成为主体。作者提议审视在此过程中发挥作用的心理生活的两个主要动态。在“主体化联系”领域，成为主体取决于与另一个主体的关系，这个主体被真实地当作一个有欲望的主体来考虑，而不仅仅是自己的一个客体。在历史进程中，只有当对相互认可的可能性建立起足够的信任时，这种主体间性才会作为一种持久的前意识倾向被内化。当这种观点消退时，主体往往会退回到自恋的立场，寻求匮乏的终结。这种自恋倾向驱使主体通过征服他的客体来构成自己，努力剥夺它们的他异性。在每一次分析性相遇中都会识别出多个主体位置。精神分析工作能够带来持久的改变，只要它改变了不同心理趋势之间的平衡。主体化中所涉及问题的多样性使我们能够整合理论多元主义，同时鼓励我们思考我们实践的多样性。
