Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL 60660, USA.
Emotion. 2013 Apr;13(2):350-7. doi: 10.1037/a0029974. Epub 2012 Oct 8.
The goal of the current research was to subject to empirical examination the idea that the experience of anger would narrow the separation between implicit and explicit attitudes. Specifically, the tendency of anger to promote a sense of certainty in one's point of view was predicted to enhance the subjective validity of implicit attitudes, and that this validation of implicit attitudes by anger should increase implicit-explicit attitude correspondence. Consistent with these predictions, across three experiments, anger, as compared with neutral emotion (Experiments 1-3) and sad emotion (Experiments 1-2), was found to increase implicit-explicit attitude correspondence. Appraisals of certainty, but not individual control, mediated the effect of anger on implicit-explicit correspondence (Experiment 3). More generally, these results imply that anger may play an essential, but until now overlooked, role in directing the interplay between spontaneous and deliberative aspects of the self.
当前研究的目的是对这样一种观点进行实证检验，即愤怒的体验会缩小内隐态度和外显态度之间的分离。具体而言，愤怒倾向于增强人对自己观点的确定性，这被预测会增强内隐态度的主观有效性，而愤怒对内隐态度的这种验证应该会增加内隐-外显态度的一致性。这些预测在三个实验中得到了一致的验证，与中性情绪（实验 1-3）和悲伤情绪（实验 1-2）相比，愤怒被发现会增加内隐-外显态度的一致性。对确定性的评价，而不是个体控制，中介了愤怒对内隐-外显一致性的影响（实验 3）。更一般地说，这些结果意味着愤怒可能在指导自我的自发和深思熟虑方面的相互作用方面发挥着至关重要但迄今为止被忽视的作用。
