Biotechnology Laboratory, Nutrition and Food Technology, INTA, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Environ Microbiol. 2013 Feb;15(2):527-34. doi: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2012.02883.x. Epub 2012 Oct 11.
Seafood consumption-related diarrhoea increased drastically in Chile when the pandemic strain of Vibrio parahaemolyticus serotype O3:K6 reached Region de Los Lagos, where most of Chile's seafood is produced. Outbreaks peaked in 2005 with 3725 clinical cases in this region and gradually decreased to fewer than 10 cases in 2010 and 2011. We show here that the pandemic strain concurrently vanished from mussels; we also report further environmental data. Integration of the 2010/2011 data with those obtained since 2004 suggests that after its arrival in southern Chile, the pandemic strain grew in mussels, likely facilitated by a minor rise in surface seawater temperature and by warming of the mussels in the intertidal region due to frequent sunny days. However, since these environmental parameters probably equally affected the pandemic strain and more than 30 V. parahaemolyticus DNA restriction clusters that inhabit local shellfish, a selective effect of bacteriophages is proposed. Lytic bacteriophage VP93 may have favoured the growth of the pandemic strain versus similar phage-sensitive strains, as shown here in a particular case. However, the pandemic strain's decline may have been promoted by temperate phage VP58.5, which kills the pandemic strain and increases the UV sensitivity of lysogenized phage-resistant cells.
当副溶血性弧菌血清型 O3:K6 流行株到达智利大部分海鲜产地拉戈斯大区时，与海鲜消费相关的腹泻在智利急剧增加。2005 年该地区爆发了 3725 例临床病例，此后逐渐减少到 2010 年和 2011 年的不到 10 例。我们在这里表明，流行株同时从贻贝中消失；我们还报告了进一步的环境数据。将 2010/2011 年的数据与 2004 年以来获得的数据相结合表明，在抵达智利南部后，流行株在贻贝中生长，这可能是由于地表水温和潮间带贻贝温度升高（由于经常晴天）促进了它的生长。然而，由于这些环境参数可能同样影响了流行株和栖息在当地贝类中的 30 多个副溶血性弧菌 DNA 限制簇，因此提出了噬菌体的选择作用。裂解噬菌体 VP93 可能有利于流行株的生长，而不是类似的对噬菌体敏感的菌株，正如这里在一个特定情况下所示。然而，温和噬菌体 VP58.5 的出现可能促进了流行株的衰退，因为它可以杀死流行株并增加溶原化的噬菌体抗性细胞对紫外线的敏感性。
