University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc. 2012 Sep-Oct;18(5):278-98. doi: 10.1177/1078390312460578.
The use of unconventional weaponry combined with decreased mortality rates and servicemembers being exposed to intense ground combat during multiple deployments has increased the risk of servicemembers living with the consequences of traumatic brain injuries (TBI) and combat operational stress.
The purpose of this article is to perform a critical analysis of the literature to identify current rates of comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and TBI in military and veteran populations who have served in Iraq or Afghanistan and their combined effects on persistent postconcussive symptoms.
A search of the literature with military and veteran populations published after 2001 in Pubmed, OVID/Medline, Cochran Database, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, and PsychInfo was conducted using keywords.
Twenty studies met inclusion criteria. The literature search yielded mixed results for rates of PTSD, TBI, and comorbid conditions.
There is some evidence that comorbid PTSD and TBI result in greater reports of postconcussive symptomology than either condition alone. Limitations include lack of consistency of measurements, sampling biases, and lack of experimental design, and these warrant further exploration. Future research is needed to decrease variability in study findings and elucidate relationships between these disorders and their effects on persistent postconcussive symptomology.
非常规武器的使用、死亡率的降低以及军人在多次部署中暴露于激烈的地面战斗，增加了军人患有创伤性脑损伤（TBI）和战斗作业应激的后果的风险。
本文旨在对文献进行批判性分析，以确定在伊拉克或阿富汗服役的军人和退伍军人中的创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）和 TBI 的现患率，以及它们对持续性脑震荡后症状的综合影响。
在 Pubmed、OVID/Medline、Cochran 数据库、Embase、Scopus、CINAHL 和 PsychInfo 上，使用关键词对 2001 年后发表的有关军人和退伍军人的文献进行了搜索。
有 20 项研究符合纳入标准。文献检索结果显示 PTSD、TBI 和合并症的发生率存在差异。
有一些证据表明，PTSD 和 TBI 合并症比任何一种单一病症导致更多的脑震荡后症状报告。限制因素包括测量的一致性、抽样偏差和缺乏实验设计，这些都需要进一步探索。需要进一步的研究来减少研究结果的变异性，并阐明这些疾病之间的关系及其对持续性脑震荡后症状的影响。
