Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
Biotechnol Bioeng. 2013 Mar;110(3):694-701. doi: 10.1002/bit.24754. Epub 2012 Nov 1.
Growth in the nanotechnology industry is leading to increased production of engineered nanoparticles (NPs). This has given rise to concerns about the potential adverse and toxic effects to biological system and the environment. An important mechanism of NP toxicity is oxidative stress caused by the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or via direct oxidation of biomolecules. In this study, a protein oxidation assay was developed as an indicator of biomolecule oxidation by NPs. The oxidation of the protein, bovine serum albumin (BSA) was evaluated with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure the protein carbonyl derivatives formed from protein oxidation. The results showed that some NPs such as Cu(0), CuO, Mn(2)O(3), and Fe(0) caused oxidation of BSA; whereas, many of the other NPs tested were not reactive or very slowly reactive with BSA. The mechanisms involved in the oxidation of BSA protein by the reactive NPs could be attributed to the combined effects of ROS-dependent and direct protein oxidation mechanisms. The ELISA assay is a promising method for the assessment of protein oxidation by NPs, which can provide insights on NP toxicity mechanisms.
纳米技术产业的增长导致工程纳米粒子（NPs）的产量增加。这引起了人们对潜在的不良和有毒影响生物系统和环境的担忧。NP 毒性的一个重要机制是由活性氧（ROS）的形成或通过生物分子的直接氧化引起的氧化应激。在这项研究中，开发了一种蛋白质氧化测定法作为 NP 引起生物分子氧化的指标。通过酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）评估蛋白质，牛血清白蛋白（BSA）的氧化，以测量蛋白质氧化形成的蛋白质羰基衍生物。结果表明，一些 NPs，如 Cu(0)、CuO、Mn(2)O(3)和 Fe(0)，导致 BSA 氧化；而，许多其他测试的 NPs 没有反应性或与 BSA 的反应性非常缓慢。活性 NPs 引起 BSA 蛋白氧化的机制可以归因于 ROS 依赖性和直接蛋白质氧化机制的综合作用。ELISA 测定法是评估 NPs 引起的蛋白质氧化的有前途的方法，它可以提供有关 NP 毒性机制的见解。
