Alcohol and Drug Abuse Institute, University of Washington, 1107 NE 45th St, Suite 120, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
J Psychoactive Drugs. 2012 Jul-Aug;44(3):259-65. doi: 10.1080/02791072.2012.704591.
The availability and diversion of prescription-type opioids increased dramatically in the first decade of the twenty-first century. One possible consequence of increased prescription opioid use and accessibility is the associated rise in opioid dependence, potentially resulting in heroin addiction. This study aimed to determine how common initial dependence on prescription-type opioids is among heroin injectors; associations with demographic and drug-using characteristics were also examined. Interview data were collected at syringe exchanges in King County, Washington in 2009. Among the respondents who had used heroin in the prior four months, 39% reported being "hooked on" prescription-type opioids first. Regression analysis indicated that younger age, sedative use and no recent crack use were independently associated with self-report of being hooked on prescription-type opioids prior to using heroin. These data quantify the phenomenon of being hooked on prescription-type opioids prior to initiating heroin use. Further research is needed to characterize the epidemiology, etiology and trajectory of prescription-type opioid and heroin use in the context of continuing widespread availability of prescription-type opioids.
在 21 世纪的第一个十年中，处方类阿片的供应和滥用急剧增加。处方类阿片使用和可及性增加的一个可能后果是阿片类药物依赖的相关上升，可能导致海洛因成瘾。本研究旨在确定在海洛因注射者中，最初对处方类阿片药物依赖的常见程度；并检查了与人口统计学和用药特征的关联。2009 年在华盛顿州金县的注射器交换处收集了访谈数据。在过去四个月内使用过海洛因的受访者中，有 39%的人报告称自己最初对处方类阿片药物“上瘾”。回归分析表明，年龄较小、使用镇静剂和最近没有使用快克与报告在使用海洛因之前对处方类阿片药物上瘾独立相关。这些数据量化了在开始使用海洛因之前对处方类阿片药物上瘾的现象。需要进一步研究，以在处方类阿片药物和海洛因持续广泛供应的背景下，描述处方类阿片药物和海洛因使用的流行病学、病因学和轨迹。
