University of Virginia School of Nursing, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
J Nurs Scholarsh. 2012 Dec;44(4):341-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1547-5069.2012.01470.x. Epub 2012 Oct 12.
The purpose of this article is to present a framework for nurses to study the impact of built environment on health, particularly in vulnerable populations.
The framework is adapted from Social Determinants of Health and Environmental Health Promotion, a framework describing how physical and social environments interact to influence individual and population health and health disparities via macro, community-level, and interpersonal factors.
The original framework was modified for public health nursing using nursing research evaluating built environment and health, and supplemented with Nightingale's theory of nursing and health.
The built environment affects health through regional-, neighborhood-, and individual-level factors. Nursing can affect the health of patients by evaluating the neighborhood built environment where patients reside, and by advocating for changes to the built environment.
Through development of built environment research, nurses can provide valuable insight into the pathways linking built environment to health of vulnerable populations, providing evidence for public health nurses to advocate for these changes on a neighborhood, state, and federal level.
This framework can be used by public health clinicians to understand the pathways by which the built environment may be affecting the health of their patients, and by researchers to investigate the pathways, and to design and test community interventions.
本文旨在为护士提供一个研究建筑环境对健康影响的框架，特别是在弱势群体中。
该框架改编自《健康的社会决定因素和环境卫生促进》，该框架描述了物理和社会环境如何通过宏观、社区层面和人际因素相互作用，影响个人和人群的健康和健康差距。
使用评估建筑环境与健康的护理研究，对原始框架进行了公共卫生护理的修改，并补充了南丁格尔的护理和健康理论。
建筑环境通过区域、邻里和个人层面的因素影响健康。护士可以通过评估患者居住的邻里建筑环境来影响患者的健康，并倡导对建筑环境进行改变。
通过开展建筑环境研究，护士可以深入了解建筑环境与弱势群体健康之间的关联途径，为公共卫生护士在邻里、州和联邦层面倡导这些改变提供证据。
本框架可被公共卫生临床医生用于理解建筑环境可能影响其患者健康的途径，并被研究人员用于调查途径，以及设计和测试社区干预措施。
