The Swire Institute of Marine Science and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Chemosphere. 2013 Jan;90(3):1140-8. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.09.022. Epub 2012 Oct 12.
Irgarol 1051 has been widely used as a booster biocide in combination with copper (Cu) in antifouling paints. The combined toxicity of Irgarol with Cu on marine organisms, however, has not been fully investigated. This study investigated the acute and chronic toxicities of binary mixtures of Irgarol and CuSO(4) to the marine copepod Tigriopus japonicus. The acute combined toxicity of Irgarol and Cu was simple additive as revealed by two response surface models and their contours. However, based on chronic full life-cycle tests, when Irgarol was combined with Cu at an environmentally realistic concentration (10 μg L(-1)), a slightly synergistic effect was observed at a high Irgarol concentration (940 μg L(-1)), as shown by a significant increase in larval mortality. As Cu contamination is widespread in coastal environments, our results entail the importance of considering the combined toxic effect of the booster biocide and Cu for setting ecologically realistic water quality criteria.
已广泛使用 Irgarol 1051 作为防污漆中的增效杀生剂，与铜（Cu）联合使用。然而，Irgarol 与 Cu 对海洋生物的联合毒性尚未得到充分研究。本研究采用两种响应面模型及其等高线，调查了 Irgarol 和 CuSO4 二元混合物对海洋桡足类动物 T. japonicus 的急性和慢性毒性。结果表明，Irgarol 和 Cu 的急性联合毒性为简单相加作用。然而，根据慢性全生命周期试验，当 Irgarol 与 Cu 在环境现实浓度（10μg/L）下组合时，在高 Irgarol 浓度（940μg/L）下观察到略微协同作用，幼虫死亡率显著增加。由于 Cu 污染在沿海环境中广泛存在，我们的结果表明，在制定具有生态现实意义的水质标准时，必须考虑增效杀生剂和 Cu 的联合毒性效应。
