中国四种商品猪杂交品种的胴体和肉质性状

Carcass and meat quality traits of four commercial pig crossbreeds in China.

作者信息

Jiang Y Z, Zhu L, Tang G Q, Li M Z, Jiang A A, Cen W M, Xing S H, Chen J N, Wen A X, He T, Wang Q, Zhu G X, Xie M, Li X W

机构信息

College of Life and Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, P.R. China.

出版信息

Genet Mol Res. 2012 Dec 17;11(4):4447-55. doi: 10.4238/2012.September.19.6.

DOI:10.4238/2012.September.19.6

PMID:23079983

Abstract

We evaluated carcass and meat quality traits of two Chinese native crossbreeds Landrace x Meishan (LM) and Duroc x (Landrace x Meishan) (DLM) and two foreign crossbreeds Duroc x (Landrace x Yorkshire) (DLY) and PIC (an imported five-way crossbreed). One hundred and twenty weaned pigs (half castrated males and half females) were reared and slaughtered at a predestinated slaughter age. The general carcass and meat quality traits were measured and analyzed. The DLY and PIC crosses had significantly heavier live weights (93.39 and 96.33 kg, P < 0.01), significantly higher dressing percentages (80.65 and 79.39%, P < 0.05), significantly bigger loin areas (42.69 and 43.91 cm(2), P < 0.001), and significantly more lean carcasses (65.78 and 66.40%, P < 0.001) than LM and DLM. On the other hand, LM had a significantly lower live weight (70.29 kg, P < 0.01), significantly thicker back fat (3.54 cm, P < 0.001), significantly less lean carcasses (46.82%, P < 0.001), and significantly less ham and breech (26.53%, P < 0.05) than the other crossbreeds. Among meat quality parameters, LM had the highest intramuscular fat content (5.02%, P < 0.001) and the smallest fiber area (3126.45 μm(2), P < 0.01). However, PIC showed the lowest pH(1) (5.82, P < 0.01) and pH(2) (5.63, P < 0.01), the highest drip loss (2.89%, P < 0.01), and the lowest intramuscular fat (1.35%, P < 0.001). We concluded that LM and DLM had good meat quality traits but poorer carcass traits than DLY and PIC; DLY had good carcass and meat quality traits; PIC had good carcass traits, but it had less intramuscular fat, lower pH and higher drip loss.

摘要

我们评估了两个中国本土杂交品种长白猪×梅山猪（LM）和杜洛克猪×（长白猪×梅山猪）（DLM）以及两个国外杂交品种杜洛克猪×（长白猪×大白猪）（DLY）和PIC（一种进口的五元杂交品种）的胴体和肉质性状。120头断奶仔猪（半阉公猪和半母猪）在预定屠宰年龄饲养并屠宰。对一般胴体和肉质性状进行了测量和分析。与LM和DLM相比，DLY和PIC杂交猪的活重显著更重（分别为93.39千克和96.33千克，P<0.01），屠宰率显著更高（分别为80.65%和79.39%，P<0.05），腰部面积显著更大（分别为42.69平方厘米和43.91平方厘米，P<0.001），胴体瘦肉率显著更高（分别为65.78%和66.40%，P<0.001）。另一方面，与其他杂交品种相比，LM的活重显著更低（70.29千克，P<0.01），背膘显著更厚（3.54厘米，P<0.001），胴体瘦肉率显著更低（46.82%，P<0.001），火腿和臀肉显著更少（26.53%，P<0.05）。在肉质参数方面，LM的肌内脂肪含量最高（5.02%，P<0.001），纤维面积最小（3126.45平方微米，P<0.01）。然而，PIC的pH(1)值最低（5.82，P<0.01），pH(2)值最低（5.63，P<0.01），滴水损失最高（2.89%，P<0.01），肌内脂肪最低（1.35%，P<0.001）。我们得出结论，LM和DLM具有良好的肉质性状，但与DLY和PIC相比，胴体性状较差；DLY具有良好的胴体和肉质性状；PIC具有良好的胴体性状，但肌内脂肪较少，pH值较低，滴水损失较高。