Ryan C F, Dickson R I, Lowe A A, Blokmanis A, Fleetham J A
University of British Columbia, Department of Medicine, Vancouver, Canada.
Laryngoscope. 1990 Mar;100(3):248-53. doi: 10.1288/00005537-199003000-00008.
Although uvulopalatopharyngoplasty relieves obstructive sleep apnea in the majority of patients, the factors that determine a successful response are not well defined. To determine whether preoperative awake upper airway measurements predict the response to uvulopalatopharyngoplasty, presurgical lateral cephalometric radiographs were evaluated on 60 consecutive patients with symptomatic obstructive sleep apnea. Patients underwent overnight polysomnograms before uvulopalatopharyngoplasty and 3 months afterwards. Forty-eight (80%) patients had a good response as defined by a postoperative apnea index of less than or equal to 4 apneas/hour or a reduction in apnea index of greater than or equal to 60%. Responders had a significantly narrower inferior airway space (P less than .0005) and a smaller ratio of inferior airway space to tongue length (P less than .001). Improvement in apnea severity following uvulopalatopharyngoplasty was related to the degree of airway narrowing (r = 0.36; P less than .01). This study shows that upper airway measurements help predict response to uvulopalatopharyngoplasty in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Patients with a narrow airway, particularly relative to tongue size, have good responses to uvulopalatopharyngoplasty.
尽管悬雍垂腭咽成形术能使大多数患者的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停得到缓解,但决定手术成功的因素尚不明确。为了确定术前清醒状态下的上气道测量是否能预测悬雍垂腭咽成形术的疗效,对连续60例有症状的阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停患者的术前头颅侧位X线片进行了评估。患者在接受悬雍垂腭咽成形术之前及术后3个月均进行了整夜多导睡眠图监测。48例(80%)患者疗效良好,定义为术后呼吸暂停指数小于或等于4次/小时,或呼吸暂停指数降低大于或等于60%。有效者的下气道间隙明显更窄(P<0.0005),且下气道间隙与舌长的比值更小(P<0.001)。悬雍垂腭咽成形术后呼吸暂停严重程度的改善与气道狭窄程度相关(r = 0.36;P<0.01)。本研究表明,上气道测量有助于预测阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停患者悬雍垂腭咽成形术的疗效。气道狭窄的患者,尤其是相对于舌大小而言气道狭窄的患者,对悬雍垂腭咽成形术反应良好。