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“FrOCK”(法兰克福观察者沟通清单)的开发与验证

Development and validation of the "FrOCK": Frankfurt observer communication checklist.

作者信息

Sennekamp Monika, Gilbert Katja, Gerlach Ferdinand M, Guethlin Corina

机构信息

Institut für Allgemeinmedizin, Johann Wolfgang Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main.

出版信息

Z Evid Fortbild Qual Gesundhwes. 2012;106(8):595-601. doi: 10.1016/j.zefq.2012.07.018. Epub 2012 Sep 16.

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

Appropriate communication behaviour during medical consultations has been shown to improve doctor-patient relationships, and should therefore be an integral part of medical training. In Germany, though, there are almost no reliable and validated checklists for assessing communication skills during medical examinations. Our aim was to develop and validate the first German checklist to examine communication skills that can be used during examinations: the Frankfurt Observer Communication Checklist (FrOCK).

METHODS

The checklist was developed according to a set of requirements that would need to be met by medical training checklists. It was pilot tested, revised and validated over several steps. Data analyses are provided for 371 assessments (371 students) by 17 examiners. After reviewing face validity and comprehensibility, we also checked for validity by comparing a trained and an untrained group of students and testing for both inter- and intrarater reliability. Interrater reliability was analysed by means of 37 interviews that were simultaneously assessed by five examiners. Intrarater reliability was calculated by having three examiners assess the same 37 students at two different points in time.

RESULTS

The final version of FrOCK consists of 31 items for conducting medical interviews which can be broadly divided into four areas: "beginning and conclusion of the interview", "interview technique", "contact skills /empathy" and "history taking". Several aspects of validity could be demonstrated, and both intra- and interrater reliability were high.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this study have shown that FrOCK is a clear and concise checklist for assessing communication skills in medical examinations and one that satisfies psychometric requirements as well. It takes only 3 to 5minutes to complete and thus is particularly useful for assessing communication skills in medical examinations.

摘要

目的

医学咨询过程中的恰当沟通行为已被证明可改善医患关系,因此应成为医学培训的一个组成部分。然而在德国,几乎没有可靠且经过验证的用于评估医学检查期间沟通技巧的清单。我们的目标是开发并验证首个可用于检查医学检查期间沟通技巧的德语清单:法兰克福观察者沟通清单(FrOCK)。

方法

该清单是根据医学培训清单需满足的一系列要求制定的。它经过了多个步骤的预测试、修订和验证。提供了17名考官对371名学生进行的371次评估的数据分析。在审查表面效度和可理解性之后,我们还通过比较一组经过培训和未经过培训的学生并测试评分者间信度和评分者内信度来检查效度。通过5名考官同时评估的37次访谈来分析评分者间信度。通过让3名考官在两个不同时间点评估相同的37名学生来计算评分者内信度。

结果

FrOCK的最终版本包含31项用于进行医学访谈的条目,大致可分为四个领域:“访谈的开始和结束”、“访谈技巧”、“沟通技巧/同理心”和“病史采集”。可以证明效度的几个方面,评分者内信度和评分者间信度都很高。

结论

本研究结果表明,FrOCK是一份用于评估医学检查中沟通技巧的清晰简洁的清单,并且满足心理测量学要求。完成该清单仅需3至5分钟,因此对于评估医学检查中的沟通技巧特别有用。

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