Department of Microbiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
Cell Host Microbe. 2012 Oct 18;12(4):408-18. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2012.10.002.
HIV-1-specific antibodies and CD8(+) cytotoxic T cells are detected in most HIV-1-infected people, yet HIV-1 infection is not eradicated. Contributing to the failure to mount a sterilizing immune response may be the inability of antigen-presenting dendritic cells (DCs) to sense HIV-1 during acute infection, and thus the inability to effectively prime naive, HIV-1-specific T cells. Recent findings related to DC-expressed innate immune factors including SAMHD1, TREX1, and TRIM5 provide a molecular basis for understanding why DCs fail to adequately sense invasion by this deadly pathogen and suggest experimental approaches to improve T cell priming to HIV-1 in prophylactic vaccination protocols.
在大多数感染 HIV-1 的人中,均可检测到 HIV-1 特异性抗体和 CD8(+)细胞毒性 T 细胞,但 HIV-1 感染并未被清除。导致无法产生有效免疫反应的原因可能是,树突状细胞(DC)在急性感染期间无法识别 HIV-1,从而无法有效地激活初始、HIV-1 特异性 T 细胞。最近有关 DC 表达的固有免疫因子(包括 SAMHD1、TREX1 和 TRIM5)的发现,为理解为什么 DC 无法充分感知这种致命病原体的入侵提供了分子基础,并为改善预防性疫苗接种方案中 HIV-1 的 T 细胞激活提供了实验方法。