Brenner D J
Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Ann ICRP. 2012 Oct-Dec;41(3-4):161-9. doi: 10.1016/j.icrp.2012.06.004. Epub 2012 Aug 22.
As computed tomography (CT) is such a superb diagnostic tool and individual CT risks are small, whenever a CT scan is clinically warranted, the CT benefit/risk balance is by far in the patient's favour. However, if a CT scan is not clinically warranted, this balance shifts dramatically. It is likely that at least 25% of CT scans fall into this latter category, in that they could either be replaced with alternative imaging modalities or could be avoided entirely. Use of clinical decision rules for CT usage represents a powerful approach for slowing down the increase in CT usage, because they have the potential to overcome some of the major factors that result in some CT scans being undertaken when they may not be clinically helpful.
由于计算机断层扫描（CT）是一种如此出色的诊断工具，而且单次CT检查的风险很小，所以只要临床上有必要进行CT扫描，其益处/风险平衡显然对患者有利。然而，如果CT扫描在临床上没有必要，这种平衡就会发生巨大变化。很可能至少25%的CT扫描属于后一种情况，也就是说它们要么可以被其他成像方式取代，要么可以完全避免。使用CT检查的临床决策规则是减缓CT检查使用量增加的一种有效方法，因为它们有可能克服一些导致在临床上可能没有帮助时仍进行某些CT扫描的主要因素。
