Centre for Research on Occupational and Life Stress, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
Br J Health Psychol. 2013 Sep;18(3):556-73. doi: 10.1111/bjhp.12001. Epub 2012 Oct 24.
Social support is thought to positively influence appraisals of stressors and coping resources, thereby attenuating the harmful effects of stress. Notably, perceived available support (rather than actually received support) is believed to benefit well-being independent of the sense of obligation or threats to self-esteem that receiving support may entail. This study examined whether perceived support levels were associated with reduced cardiovascular levels, an important predictor of cardiovascular disease risk, independent of broad trait personality variables frequently reported to overlap with perceived support. In doing so, we sought to determine whether the effects of perceived support are independent of links between personality and social support.
A cross-sectional design was employed.
Resting cardiovascular levels were measured using a Finometer in a sample of healthy women (N = 145). The Short-Form Social Support Questionnaire and the Revised Eysenck's Personality Questionnaire were used to assess support levels and personality. Regression was used to compare associations with psychometric indices of support (namely, perceived network size and perceived satisfaction with support) and personality (psychoticism, extraversion and neuroticism).
Support independently predicted systolic blood pressure (SBP; p = .03) and HR (p = .02) when personality was controlled for, while personality also predicted SBP (p = .01) and DBP (p = .02). Support effects were not mediated by personality.
The findings corroborate previous research indicating links between support and resting cardiovascular levels and additionally demonstrate these to be independent of associations between support and personality.
社会支持被认为会对压力源和应对资源的评估产生积极影响，从而减轻压力的有害影响。值得注意的是，与接受支持可能带来的义务感或自尊威胁相比，人们认为感知到的可用支持（而不是实际获得的支持）对幸福感有益。本研究考察了感知到的支持水平是否与降低心血管水平有关，心血管水平是心血管疾病风险的一个重要预测指标，而这种水平的降低与人格特质变量无关，这些变量经常与感知到的支持重叠。在这样做的过程中，我们试图确定感知到的支持的效果是否独立于人格和社会支持之间的联系。
采用横断面设计。
在一组健康女性（N=145）中，使用 Finometer 测量静息心血管水平。使用短式社会支持问卷和修订后的艾森克人格问卷评估支持水平和人格。回归用于比较支持的心理计量学指标（即感知网络规模和感知支持满意度）与人格（精神质、外向性和神经质）的关联。
在控制人格时，支持独立预测收缩压（SBP；p=0.03）和心率（HR；p=0.02），而人格也预测 SBP（p=0.01）和舒张压（DBP；p=0.02）。支持的影响不受人格的中介。
这些发现证实了先前的研究结果，表明支持与静息心血管水平之间存在联系，并且还表明这些联系独立于支持与人格之间的联系。
