Centre for Research on Occupational and Life Stress, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
Int J Psychophysiol. 2012 May;84(2):113-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2012.01.018. Epub 2012 Feb 3.
While perceived social support appears to be associated with buffered cardiovascular reactivity to short-term stressors, its impact on cardiovascular recovery is less clear. This relationship might be affected by trait hostility, with hostile individuals benefiting less from social support. However, despite the possibility that support provision might enhance well-being, limited empirical work has manipulated this in a laboratory context. The present study sought to investigate whether mentally activated support provision and support receipt influenced cardiovascular recovery from cognitive stress. Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, cardiac output, and total peripheral resistance were monitored continuously in a laboratory following exposure to a short-term cognitive stressor. Mixed factorial analyses of variance revealed that inducing thoughts of support provision resulted in elevated post-stressor systolic and diastolic blood pressure responses (p=.03; p=.004) in comparison to thoughts of support receipt or non-supportive social contact. Furthermore, these elevations were most pronounced for individuals high in trait hostility. From this study, support provision when already cognitively and physiologically stressed appears to be deleterious rather than beneficial for cardiovascular function. Moreover, individuals high in trait hostility may be particularly disadvantaged by providing support in everyday life.
虽然感知到的社会支持似乎与短期应激源引起的心血管反应缓冲有关，但它对心血管恢复的影响尚不清楚。这种关系可能受到特质敌意的影响，具有敌意的个体从社会支持中获益较少。然而，尽管支持的提供可能会增强幸福感，但在实验室环境中对其进行操纵的实证研究却很少。本研究旨在探讨心理上激活的支持提供和支持接受是否会影响认知应激后的心血管恢复。在暴露于短期认知应激源后，在实验室中连续监测收缩压、舒张压、心率、心输出量和总外周阻力。混合方差分析显示，与支持接受或非支持性社会接触的想法相比，诱导支持提供的想法会导致应激后收缩压和舒张压反应升高（p=.03；p=.004）。此外，对于特质敌意高的个体，这些升高最为明显。从这项研究中可以看出，在已经受到认知和生理压力的情况下提供支持似乎对心血管功能有害而无益。此外，具有高特质敌意的个体在日常生活中提供支持可能会特别处于不利地位。
