Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims (ICMR, UMR CNRS 7312), Groupe Chimie de Coordination, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, BP 1039, 51687, Reims Cedex 2, France.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2014 Apr;21(7):4906-13. doi: 10.1007/s11356-012-1244-y. Epub 2012 Oct 23.
The transfer of eleven phenylurea herbicides through soil columns was investigated in laboratory conditions in order to determine leaching properties in a calcareous soil. Elution curves with distilled water were plotted after herbicide application on the soil column. Phenylurea retention by the soil indicating interactions with soil can be classified as follows: fenuron < fluometron ≤ isoproturon = monuron < metoxuron < monolinuron < metobromuron < chlorotoluron < linuron = diuron < chlorbromuron. The number and nature of halogen atoms on the phenyl ring had an important influence on leaching. Retention was higher for molecules with higher number of halogen, and it was also higher for bromine than chlorine. Column elution experiments were compared to batch experiments from which the distribution coefficients K d were determined. According to Kendall correlation coefficients, parameter m/m 0 max from column experiments was relatively well linked to K d. In case of phenylurea, a linear relationship between K d and m/m 0 max was established.
为了确定在石灰性土壤中的淋溶性质，在实验室条件下研究了 11 种苯脲类除草剂通过土壤柱的迁移。在土壤柱上施用药剂后，用蒸馏水绘制洗脱曲线。土壤对苯脲的保留表明与土壤的相互作用可以分类如下：呋草酮<氟草隆≤异丙隆=灭草隆<甲氧基隆<灭草隆<甲磺隆<绿麦隆<利谷隆=均三氮苯<溴苯隆。苯环上卤素原子的数量和性质对淋溶有重要影响。对于卤素数量较高的分子，保留率较高，对于溴比氯也较高。将柱洗脱实验与确定分配系数 K d 的批量实验进行了比较。根据 Kendall 相关系数，柱实验中的参数 m/m 0 max 与 K d 相对较好地相关。对于苯脲，建立了 K d 与 m/m 0 max 之间的线性关系。
