Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman 99164, USA.
J Anim Sci. 2013 Apr;91(4):1627-38. doi: 10.2527/jas.2012-5845. Epub 2012 Oct 24.
This review integrates established and new information on the biological role of ovarian progesterone (P4) and interferon tau as well as conceptus- and endometrial-derived factors, PG and cortisol, in endometrial function and conceptus elongation during the periimplantation period of pregnancy in ruminants. Interferon tau is the maternal recognition of pregnancy signal that inhibits production of luteolytic pulses of PGF2α by the endometrium to maintain corpora lutea and their production of P4, the unequivocal hormone of pregnancy. Conceptus-endometrial interactions in ruminants are complex and involve carefully orchestrated temporal and spatial alterations in endometrial gene expression during pregnancy. Available results from studies in sheep support the idea that the individual, interactive, and coordinated actions of P4, interferon tau, PG, and cortisol regulate expression of elongation- and implantation-related genes in the endometrial epithelia and that P4 and PG are essential regulators of conceptus elongation. The outcome of these gene expression changes is alterations in endometrial secretions that govern conceptus elongation via effects on trophectoderm proliferation, migration, attachment, and adhesion. An increased knowledge of conceptus-endometrial interactions during early pregnancy in ruminants is necessary to understand and elucidate the causes of recurrent pregnancy loss and to provide a basis for new strategies to improve pregnancy outcome and reproductive efficiency.
这篇综述整合了关于卵巢孕激素（P4）和干扰素 tau 以及胚胎和子宫内膜来源的因子，PG 和皮质醇在妊娠植入期期间在反刍动物中的子宫内膜功能和胚胎伸长中的生物学作用的已建立和新信息。干扰素 tau 是母体识别怀孕的信号，它抑制子宫内膜产生黄体溶解脉冲的 PGF2α，以维持黄体及其 P4 的产生，P4 是怀孕的明确激素。反刍动物中的胚胎-子宫内膜相互作用很复杂，涉及在怀孕期间子宫内膜基因表达的精心协调的时间和空间改变。绵羊研究的现有结果支持这样一种观点，即 P4、干扰素 tau、PG 和皮质醇的个体、相互作用和协调作用调节子宫内膜上皮中伸长和植入相关基因的表达，并且 P4 和 PG 是胚胎伸长的必需调节剂。这些基因表达变化的结果是改变了子宫内膜分泌物，通过对滋养层细胞增殖、迁移、附着和黏附的影响来控制胚胎伸长。增加对反刍动物妊娠早期胚胎-子宫内膜相互作用的了解对于理解和阐明反复妊娠丢失的原因以及为改善妊娠结局和生殖效率提供新策略是必要的。
