Kachaeva E V, Ushakov I B, Shenkman B S
Usp Fiziol Nauk. 2012 Jul-Sep;43(3):3-20.
The recovery of the skeletal muscle structure and function after prolonged disuse is the problem of the rehabilitation and space medicine great concern. Hypokinesia affects mainly the postural muscles responsible for the support reaction. Atrophy developed under disuse is the result of the protein synthesis and proteolysis balance shift. Several signaling systems regulating proteolysis are known now, though only recently researchers paid attention to the question whether these systems work identically in the muscles atrophied under different stimuli (denervation, starvation etc.). In this review we aimed to summarize and analyze cumulative data concerning the work of the different proteolytic systems during the atrophy caused by hypokinesia and/or hypogravity. Also we discuss here the latest data about the interconnection of the signaling systems regulating the structural and functional muscle proteins degradation and synthesis under disuse.
长期废用后骨骼肌结构和功能的恢复是康复医学和空间医学极为关注的问题。运动功能减退主要影响负责支撑反应的姿势肌。废用状态下产生的萎缩是蛋白质合成与蛋白水解平衡发生改变的结果。目前已知有几种调节蛋白水解的信号系统，不过直到最近研究人员才开始关注这些系统在不同刺激（去神经支配、饥饿等）导致萎缩的肌肉中是否发挥相同作用这一问题。在本综述中，我们旨在总结和分析有关运动功能减退和/或低重力导致萎缩过程中不同蛋白水解系统作用的累积数据。我们还在此讨论了有关调节废用状态下肌肉结构和功能蛋白降解与合成的信号系统之间相互联系的最新数据。
