Patient-specific instrumentation for total knee arthroplasty: a review.

Patient-specific instrumentation is a new technology that offers increased surgical accuracy, which could decrease outliers, increased efficiency, involving fewer steps and shorter surgical times, and has the potential for cost-effectiveness, if overall surgical volume can be increased and future revision rates can be decreased. As with all technology, further studies are necessary, but there is much interest in this technology as medicine enters the age of increased patient burden and an increased emphasis on efficiency.