Department of Food Science and Technology, The University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States.
Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2013 Apr;24(2):207-13. doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2012.10.002. Epub 2012 Oct 24.
Probiotic bacteria are not typical ingredients but rather living cells that can rapidly respond and adapt to changing conditions in their environment. Numerous factors from culture preparation and preservation, conditions in consumer product matrices, and genetic, dietary, cultural, and health differences between consumers can affect probiotic cell activity and probably influence the specific host-microbe interactions required for probiotic effects in the digestive tract. Understanding the impact of these factors on probiotic efficacy will aid in elucidating the molecular mechanisms of probiotic function, improve the design of probiotic-containing consumer products, and guide the establishment of standardized procedures for clinical studies intended to evaluate probiotic effects.
益生菌不是典型的成分，而是活细胞，可以迅速响应并适应其环境中不断变化的条件。从培养物的制备和保存、消费者产品基质中的条件、消费者之间的遗传、饮食、文化和健康差异等众多因素都会影响益生菌细胞的活性，并可能影响到在消化道中发挥益生菌作用所需的特定宿主-微生物相互作用。了解这些因素对益生菌功效的影响将有助于阐明益生菌功能的分子机制，改进含益生菌的消费产品的设计，并指导用于评估益生菌效果的临床研究的标准化程序的建立。
