University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Psychology, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
Eat Behav. 2012 Dec;13(4):418-22. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2012.06.006. Epub 2012 Aug 29.
This study examined the relations between weekly reports of anxiety, dimensions of trait perfectionism, and dieting and binge eating over the course of 11 weeks. Participants were 406 college women who completed a battery of questionnaires at Time 1 that assessed trait-like characteristics (e.g., self-oriented and socially prescribed perfectionism). For 11 weeks following that, participants filled out a short questionnaire packet that assessed their weekly anxiety, dieting, and binge eating. Using multilevel modeling, results indicated that on average, both within- and between-person levels of anxiety predicted increased binge eating, while only between-person levels of anxiety predicted increased dieting. Higher levels of self-oriented perfectionism also predicted increased dieting and binge eating, while higher levels of socially prescribed perfectionism predicted increased binge eating only (not increased dieting). The relation between weekly anxiety and disordered eating was not moderated by either dimension of perfectionism. Results provide support for the notion that dieting is generally affected by trait-like characteristics, while binge eating is generally affected by both trait- and state-like characteristics; these findings have significant clinical implications.
本研究考察了 11 周内每周报告的焦虑、特质完美主义维度与节食和暴食之间的关系。参与者为 406 名女大学生，她们在第 1 次完成了一系列问卷，评估了特质（如自我导向和社会规定的完美主义）。在那之后的 11 周内，参与者填写了一份简短的问卷包，评估他们每周的焦虑、节食和暴食情况。使用多层次模型，结果表明，平均而言，个体内和个体间的焦虑水平都预示着暴食的增加，而只有个体间的焦虑水平预示着节食的增加。更高的自我导向完美主义水平也预示着节食和暴食的增加，而更高的社会规定完美主义水平仅预示着暴食的增加（而不是节食的增加）。每周焦虑与饮食失调之间的关系不受完美主义的任何一个维度的调节。这些结果支持了这样一种观点，即节食通常受特质性特征的影响，而暴食通常受特质性和状态性特征的影响；这些发现具有重要的临床意义。
