Chowdhury K, Bloom J, Black M J, al-Noury K
Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, McGill University, Sir Mortimer B David-Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada.
Head Neck. 1990 Mar-Apr;12(2):168-73. doi: 10.1002/hed.2880120214.
Nonspontaneous internal jugular vein thrombosis (IJVT) is an uncommon condition historically associated with deep neck infections during the pre-antibiotic era. Today, trauma to the internal jugular vein from catheterization and repeated intravenous injections by drug users are the leading causes of thrombosis, with direct extension of tumor being a rare cause. Spontaneous IJVT occurs when there are no apparent predisposing causes, although many of these patients may harbor an occult malignant neoplasm. Therefore, careful investigation and follow-up are imperative in these patients. The diagnosis of IJVT is readily confirmed by contrast-enhanced computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. Management of IJVT involves anticoagulation, antibiotics, and with few indications for surgical intervention.
非自发性颈内静脉血栓形成（IJVT）是一种罕见疾病，在抗生素时代之前，它在历史上与颈部深部感染有关。如今，导管插入术导致的颈内静脉创伤以及吸毒者反复静脉注射是血栓形成的主要原因，肿瘤直接蔓延则是罕见原因。自发性IJVT在没有明显诱发因素时发生，尽管这些患者中的许多人可能隐匿有恶性肿瘤。因此，对这些患者进行仔细的检查和随访至关重要。IJVT的诊断通过对比增强计算机断层扫描或磁共振成像很容易得到证实。IJVT的治疗包括抗凝、使用抗生素，且手术干预的指征很少。
