Hiller Beate, Angulo Joaquin, Olivera Martha, Nuernberg Gerd, Nuernberg Karin
Research Units Muscle Biology and Growth and Genetics and Biometry, Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal Biology, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany.
Lipids. 2013 Apr;48(4):357-67. doi: 10.1007/s11745-012-3737-3. Epub 2012 Nov 6.
The effect of a 10-week supplementation with polyunsaturated fatty acids [via sunflower oil/DHA-rich algae (SUNA) or linseed oil/DHA-rich algae (LINA) enriched diets] versus saturated fatty acids (SAT) of lactating German Holstein dairy cows in mid-lactation on expression patterns of lipid metabolism-associated genes and gene products in hepatic, longissimus muscle and subcutaneous/perirenal/omental adipose tissue was assessed. Most pronounced transcriptomic responses to dietary PUFA were obtained in hepatic [down-regulated ACACA (FC = 0.83, SUNA; FC = 0.86, LINA), FADS1 (FC = 0.60, SUNA; FC = 0.72, LINA), FADS2 (FC = 0.64, SUNA; FC = 0.79, LINA), FASN (FC = 0.64, SUNA; FC = 0.72, LINA), SCD (FC = 0.37, SUNA; FC = 0.47, LINA) and SREBF1 (FC = 0.79, SUNA, LINA) expression] and omental adipose [up-regulated ACACA (FC = 1.58, SUNA; FC = 1.22, LINA), ADFP (FC = 1.33, SUNA; FC = 1.32, LINA), CEBPA (FC = 1.75, SUNA; FC = 1.40, LINA), FASN (FC = 1.57, SUNA; FC = 1.21, LINA), LPL (FC = 1.50, SUNA; FC = 1.20, LINA), PPARG (FC = 1.36, SUNA; FC = 1.12, LINA), SCD (FC = 1.41, SUNA; FC = 1.17, LINA) and SREBF1 (FC = 1.56, SUNA; FC = 1.18, LINA) expression] tissue. Interestingly, gene/gene product associations were comparatively low in hepatic and omental adipose tissue compared with longissimus muscle, perirenal adipose and subcutaneous adipose tissue, indicating matches only in regard to minor concentrations of SCD product 18:1c9, FADS1 product 20:4n-6 and FADS2 product 18:3n-6 in hepatic tissue, and higher concentrations of ACACA and FASN gene products 12:0 and 14:0 and SCD product 18:2c9,t11 in omental adipose tissue. Whereas all analyzed tissues accumulated dietary PUFA and their ruminally generated biohydrogenation products, tissue-divergent preferences for certain fatty acids were identified. This descriptive study reports tissue-divergent effects of dietary PUFA and outlines the significance of a PUFA intervention with regard to dairy cows' nutritional management.
评估了在泌乳中期的德国荷斯坦奶牛中，通过富含多不饱和脂肪酸的饮食 [通过葵花籽油/富含二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）的藻类（SUNA）或亚麻籽油/富含DHA的藻类（LINA）富集的日粮] 与饱和脂肪酸（SAT）进行为期10周的补充，对肝脏、背最长肌以及皮下/肾周/网膜脂肪组织中脂质代谢相关基因和基因产物表达模式的影响。对日粮多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）最显著的转录组反应出现在肝脏 [乙酰辅酶A羧化酶α（ACACA）基因表达下调（SUNA组的FC = 0.83，LINA组的FC = 0.86）、脂肪酸去饱和酶1（FADS1）基因表达下调（SUNA组的FC = 0.60，LINA组的FC = 0.72）、脂肪酸去饱和酶2（FADS2）基因表达下调（SUNA组的FC = 0.64，LINA组的FC = 0.79）、脂肪酸合酶（FASN）基因表达下调（SUNA组的FC = 0.64，LINA组的FC = 0.72）、硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶（SCD）基因表达下调（SUNA组的FC = 0.37，LINA组的FC = 0.47）以及固醇调节元件结合蛋白1（SREBF1）基因表达下调（SUNA组和LINA组的FC = 0.79）] 和网膜脂肪组织 [ACACA基因表达上调（SUNA组的FC = 1.58，LINA组的FC = 1.22）、脂肪分化相关蛋白（ADFP）基因表达上调（SUNA组的FC = 1.33，LINA组的FC = 1.32）、CCAAT/增强子结合蛋白α（CEBPA）基因表达上调（SUNA组的FC = 1.75，LINA组的FC = 1.40）、FASN基因表达上调（SUNA组的FC = 1.57，LINA组的FC = 1.21）、脂蛋白脂肪酶（LPL）基因表达上调（SUNA组的FC = 1.50，LINA组的FC = 1.20）、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ（PPARG）基因表达上调（SUNA组的FC = 1.36，LINA组的FC = 1.12）、SCD基因表达上调（SUNA组的FC = 1.41，LINA组的FC = 1.17）以及SREBF1基因表达上调（SUNA组的FC = 1.56，LINA组的FC = 1.18）] 中。有趣的是，与背最长肌、肾周脂肪和皮下脂肪组织相比，肝脏和网膜脂肪组织中的基因/基因产物关联相对较低，这表明仅在肝脏组织中SCD产物18:1c9、FADS1产物20:4n - 6和FADS2产物18:3n - 6的浓度较低时存在匹配，而在网膜脂肪组织中ACACA和FASN基因产物12:0和14:0以及SCD产物18:2c9,t11的浓度较高。尽管所有分析的组织都积累了日粮中的多不饱和脂肪酸及其瘤胃产生的生物氢化产物，但确定了各组织对某些脂肪酸存在不同偏好。这项描述性研究报告了日粮多不饱和脂肪酸对组织的不同影响，并概述了多不饱和脂肪酸干预在奶牛营养管理方面的重要性。
