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Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2013 Feb;13(2):197-207. doi: 10.1517/14712598.2012.743527. Epub 2012 Nov 6.
One of the challenges facing the development of an AIDS vaccine is eliciting antibody (Ab) capable of preventing the acquisition of HIV. Broadly neutralizing Ab (bnAb) that can prevent HIV infection has proven to be difficult to elicit. Here, we consider the potential for protective non-neutralizing Ab (pnnAb) to provide the much needed Ab component for an HIV vaccine. Such Ab acts by "tagging" virus or infected cells for destruction by the innate immune system.
We review interactions between the Fc region of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and Fcϒ receptors or complement that can lead to the destruction of HIV or HIV-infected cells, correlations between the presence of pnnAb and the prevention of HIV and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infections, differences between classical HIV-specific bnAb and HIV-specific pnnAb, HIV envelope antigens and adjuvants which have been hypothesized to generate pnnAb, and the use of avidity as a serological correlate for pnnAb.
We hypothesize that selection of HIV for the poor ability to elicit bnAb has also selected it for slow entry into cells and a window of opportunity for pnnAb to tag virus for destruction by innate immune responses.
开发艾滋病疫苗面临的挑战之一是产生能够预防 HIV 感染的抗体（Ab）。已证明，广泛中和抗体（bnAb）可预防 HIV 感染，但难以产生。在这里，我们考虑保护性非中和抗体（pnnAb）是否有可能为 HIV 疫苗提供急需的 Ab 成分。这种 Ab 通过“标记”病毒或感染细胞来触发先天免疫系统进行破坏。
我们回顾了免疫球蛋白 G（IgG）的 Fc 区域与 Fcγ 受体或补体之间的相互作用，这些相互作用可能导致 HIV 或 HIV 感染细胞的破坏，pnnAb 的存在与 HIV 和猴免疫缺陷病毒（SIV）感染预防之间的相关性，经典 HIV 特异性 bnAb 和 HIV 特异性 pnnAb 之间的差异，假设可产生 pnnAb 的 HIV 包膜抗原和佐剂，以及将亲和力用作 pnnAb 的血清学相关指标。
我们假设，HIV 选择了产生 bnAb 的能力较差，也选择了它具有进入细胞的速度较慢的特点，从而为 pnnAb 提供了标记病毒以触发先天免疫反应进行破坏的机会。
