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在轻症 COVID-19 门诊患者康复期间持续的抗体依赖的 NK 细胞功能。

Sustained Antibody-Dependent NK Cell Functions in Mild COVID-19 Outpatients During Convalescence.

机构信息

Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.

Ichor Biologics LLC, New York, NY, United States.

出版信息

Front Immunol. 2022 Feb 7;13:796481. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.796481. eCollection 2022.

DOI:10.3389/fimmu.2022.796481
PMID:35197972
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8859986/
Abstract

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID19) pandemic has left researchers scrambling to identify the humoral immune correlates of protection from COVID-19. To date, the antibody mediated correlates of virus neutralization have been extensively studied. However, the extent that non-neutralizing functions contribute to anti-viral responses are ill defined. In this study, we profiled the anti-spike antibody subtype/subclass responses, along with neutralization and antibody-dependent natural killer cell functions in 83 blood samples collected between 4 and 201 days post-symptoms onset from a cohort of COVID-19 outpatients. We observed heterogeneous humoral responses against the acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein. Overall, anti-spike profiles were characterized by a rapid rise of IgA and sustained IgG titers. In addition, strong antibody-mediated natural killer effector responses correlated with milder disease and being female. While higher neutralization profiles were observed in males along with increased severity. These results give an insight into the underlying function of antibodies beyond neutralization and suggest that antibody-mediated natural killer cell activity is a key function of the humoral response against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.

摘要

2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID19）大流行使得研究人员争相确定预防 COVID-19 的体液免疫相关性。迄今为止，抗体介导的病毒中和相关物已被广泛研究。然而，非中和功能在抗病毒反应中的作用尚不清楚。在这项研究中，我们对 83 份血液样本中的抗刺突抗体亚型/类别反应、中和以及抗体依赖性自然杀伤细胞功能进行了分析，这些样本来自 COVID-19 门诊患者队列，采集时间为症状出现后 4 至 201 天。我们观察到针对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）刺突蛋白的异质体液反应。总体而言，抗刺突谱的特征是 IgA 的快速上升和 IgG 滴度的持续升高。此外，强烈的抗体介导的自然杀伤细胞效应反应与疾病的轻微程度和女性有关。而在男性中观察到更高的中和谱，同时伴有严重程度的增加。这些结果深入了解了中和作用之外抗体的潜在功能，并表明抗体介导的自然杀伤细胞活性是针对 SARS-CoV-2 刺突蛋白的体液反应的关键功能。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2bf3/8859986/1087e4c270bf/fimmu-13-796481-g005.jpg
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