Huang I N, Melvin J N
Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin, Whitewater 53190.
J Gen Psychol. 1990 Jan;117(1):99-106. doi: 10.1080/00221309.1990.9917777.
Choice behavior under a concurrent VR-FR schedule of reinforcement was investigated in two experiments to test a molar theory of maximization. Hunger-motivated albino rats pressed two bars, one on an FR10 and the other on a VR10 schedule, for a food reward. With the total number of experiences with each bar equated and interalternative switching eliminated during training, the study showed that during the choice test, the animals made significantly more responses to the VR than to the FR alternative, allocating about 75% of their responses to the VR alternative. The results suggest that, given an equal return of reward in the long run, the animals preferred a variable to a constant alternative in a choice situation. The findings are discussed in terms of a molar theory of maximization and a schedule-appropriate behavior interpretation of choice.
在两项实验中，研究了强化的并发VR-FR程序安排下的选择行为，以检验最大化的一种整体理论。饥饿驱动的白化大鼠按压两根杠杆，一根按FR10程序，另一根按VR10程序，以获取食物奖励。在训练过程中，使每根杠杆的总体验次数相等并消除交替切换，研究表明，在选择测试期间，动物对VR杠杆的反应明显多于对FR杠杆的反应，约75%的反应分配给了VR杠杆。结果表明，从长远来看，在奖励回报相等的情况下，动物在选择情境中更喜欢可变而非固定的选项。根据最大化的整体理论和对选择的符合程序的行为解释对这些发现进行了讨论。
