Huang I N, Krukar J D, Miles S P
Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Whitewater 53190.
J Gen Psychol. 1992 Apr;119(2):201-11. doi: 10.1080/00221309.1992.9921173.
The effects of reinforcement schedules on rats' choice behavior in extinction were studied. In a free-operant chamber equipped with two retractable bars, the experimental animals were trained to press the bars separately for a food reward. One bar delivered the reward on a continuous reinforcement (CRF) schedule, and the other delivered the reward on a partial reinforcement (PRF) schedule. Control animals earned the reward from both bars with the same reinforcement schedule, either a CRF or a PRF. When both bars were simultaneously available during extinction, the experimental animals responded more frequently to the CRF than to the PRF alternative, demonstrating a reversed within-subjects partial reinforcement extinction effect (PREE). A conventional between-subjects PREE was replicated in the control subjects. The results of this study were inconsistent with both Amsel's (1962, 1967) frustration hypothesis and Capaldi's (1966, 1967) sequential hypotheses.
研究了强化程序对大鼠在消退过程中选择行为的影响。在一个配备有两个可伸缩杆的自由操作箱中，对实验动物进行训练，使其分别按压杆以获得食物奖励。一根杆按照连续强化（CRF）程序给予奖励，另一根杆按照部分强化（PRF）程序给予奖励。对照动物从两根杆中获得奖励的强化程序相同，要么是CRF，要么是PRF。在消退过程中，当两根杆同时可用时，实验动物对CRF杆的反应比对PRF杆的反应更频繁，这表明出现了受试者内部分强化消退效应（PREE）的反转。在对照受试者中重复出现了传统的受试者间PREE。本研究结果与安塞尔（1962年、1967年）的挫折假设和卡帕尔迪（1966年、1967年）的序列假设均不一致。
