Hokubu Agricultural Institute, Hyogo Prefectural Research Center of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries , Asago, Hyogo 669-5254, Japan.
Breed Sci. 2012 Jan;61(5):593-601. doi: 10.1270/jsbbs.61.593. Epub 2012 Feb 4.
Black soybean landraces that had been cultivated in Tanba region and the neighboring regions and conserved black soybean landraces, including those from other regions in Japan, were used in this study. The polymorphisms of 78 SSR markers in nuclear DNA and 6 SSRs in chloroplast DNA were analyzed in the black soybean landrace populations. The result of phylogenic analysis revealed that the black soybeans can be classified into six clades. The landraces originating from Tanba region were classed into first and second clades, and two chloroplast genotypes were found in the population of black soybeans from the Tanba region. Genotype A chloroplast was predominantly identified in major populations of the Tanba, while genotype B was widely distributed in the black soybean population. Population structure analysis in the Japanese black soybean accessions inferred there are six groups. The black soybean landrace from the Tanba region was classified into three groups, mainly corresponding to the distance-based phylogenic results. The two groups were probably derived from different ancestors with Type A and B chloroplast genomes, respectively, whereas the other group showed both types of chloroplast genome. The admixture situations suggested that the landraces in the main group have been widely cultivated in Tanba region, while the landraces that belong to other groups were cultivated in localized area. Several phenotypes were compared among genotype groups, dividing into two sub-groups: founder sub-group and admixed sub-group. Phenotypic differences were observed between founder landraces in group 1 and group 3. On the other hand, landraces in admixture landraces in group 1 and group 2 segregated for several traits, while founder landraces in group 1 were stabled for each trait. These observations suggest that gene flow events have occurred between different founder landraces.
本研究使用了兵库县丹波地区及其周边地区种植的和保存在日本其他地区的黑豆地方品种。对核 DNA 中的 78 个 SSR 标记和叶绿体 DNA 中的 6 个 SSR 标记的多态性进行了分析。系统发育分析的结果表明，黑豆可分为 6 个分支。起源于丹波地区的地方品种分为第一和第二分支，在丹波地区的黑豆群体中发现了两种叶绿体基因型。叶绿体基因型 A 主要存在于丹波的主要群体中，而基因型 B 则广泛分布于黑豆群体中。日本黑豆品种群体的结构分析推断存在 6 个群体。丹波地区的黑豆地方品种分为 3 个群体，主要对应于基于距离的系统发育结果。这两个群体可能分别来自具有 A 型和 B 型叶绿体基因组的不同祖先，而另一个群体则显示出两种类型的叶绿体基因组。杂种情况表明，主要群体中的地方品种在丹波地区广泛种植，而属于其他群体的地方品种则在局部地区种植。比较了基因型群体之间的几个表型，将其分为两个亚群：创始亚群和混合亚群。在第 1 组和第 3 组的创始品种中观察到表型差异。另一方面，第 1 组和第 2 组的混合品种中的地方品种在几个性状上存在分离，而第 1 组的创始地方品种在每个性状上都比较稳定。这些观察结果表明，不同创始地方品种之间发生了基因流事件。
