KU Leuven BIOMAT, Department of Oral Health Sciences, KU Leuven (University of Leuven), & Dentistry, University Hospitals Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 7, blok a bus 7001, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
J Dent. 2013 Feb;41(2):170-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2012.10.017. Epub 2012 Nov 5.
To evaluate the effect of mechanical and chemical surface pre-treatment on the bond durability of two composite cements to dental zirconia.
Fully sintered IPS e.max ZirCAD (Ivoclar-Vivadent) blocks were either subjected to tribochemical silica sandblasting (CoJet, 3M ESPE) or not mechanically pre-treated. Next, the zirconia samples were either additionally pre-treated using one of two silane/MDP-combined ceramic primers (Clearfil Ceramic Primer, Kuraray; Monobond Plus, Ivoclar-Vivadent), or not further chemically pre-treated. Finally, two identically pre-treated zirconia blocks were bonded together using either a conventional BisGMA-based (Clearfil Esthetic Cement, Kuraray) or an MDP-based (Panavia F2.0, Kuraray) 'self-etch' dual-cure composite cement. The specimens were trimmed at the interface to a cylindrical hour-glass shape and stored for 7 days in distilled water (37°C), after which they were randomly exposed to one of three ageing protocols: (1) immersed in 37°C water for 10 days (10d); (2) subjected to 10,000 thermo-cycles (TC); or (3) immersed in 37°C water for 6 months (6m). After storage, the micro-tensile bond strength (μTBS) was determined in MPa (n=15-21/group). Fractographic analysis was performed using SEM.
Weibull analysis revealed the highest Weibull scale and shape parameters for the 'CoJet/Clearfil Ceramic Primer/Panavia F2.0/10d' combination. While the BisGMA-based composite cement Clearfil Esthetic Cement (Kuraray) bonded equally well to zirconia using either tribochemical silica sandblasting (CoJet, 3M ESPE) or not, sandblasting appeared indispensable for the MDP-based and more hydrophilic composite cement Panavia F2.0 (Kuraray).
Combined mechanical and chemical pre-treatment can best be recommended to durably bond to zirconia.
As a standard procedure to durable bond zirconia to tooth tissue, both mechanical (tribochemical silica coating) and chemical (silane/MDP-combined ceramic primers) is clinically highly recommended.
评估机械和化学表面预处理对两种复合树脂粘结剂与牙科氧化锆粘结耐久性的影响。
将完全烧结的 IPS e.max ZirCAD（义获嘉伟瓦登特）块分别进行机械喷砂（3M ESPE 的 CoJet）或不进行机械预处理。然后，氧化锆样品分别用两种硅烷/MDP 复合陶瓷底漆中的一种（可乐丽的 Clearfil Ceramic Primer；义获嘉伟瓦登特的 Monobond Plus）或不进一步进行化学预处理。最后，将两个经过相同预处理的氧化锆块用传统的 BisGMA 基（可乐丽的 Clearfil Esthetic Cement）或 MDP 基（可乐丽的 Panavia F2.0）“自酸蚀”双重固化复合树脂粘结剂粘结在一起。将样品在界面处修剪成圆柱形沙漏形状，并在蒸馏水中（37°C）储存 7 天，然后将其随机暴露于三种老化方案之一：（1）在 37°C 水中浸泡 10 天（10d）；（2）进行 10,000 次热循环（TC）；或（3）在 37°C 水中浸泡 6 个月（6m）。储存后，以 MPa（n=15-21/组）为单位测定微拉伸粘结强度（μTBS）。使用扫描电子显微镜进行断口形貌分析。
威布尔分析显示，“CoJet/Clearfil Ceramic Primer/Panavia F2.0/10d”组合的威布尔尺度和形状参数最高。虽然基于 BisGMA 的复合树脂粘结剂可乐丽的 Clearfil Esthetic Cement（可乐丽）使用机械喷砂（3M ESPE 的 CoJet）或不进行喷砂都能很好地粘结氧化锆，但喷砂对于基于 MDP 的更亲水的复合树脂粘结剂可乐丽的 Panavia F2.0（可乐丽）似乎是必不可少的。
联合机械和化学预处理可最佳地实现与氧化锆的持久粘结。
作为将氧化锆持久粘结到牙本质的标准程序，机械（机械喷砂）和化学（硅烷/MDP 复合陶瓷底漆）预处理在临床上均高度推荐。
