Kehr Gerald, Schwendemann Sina, Erker Gerhard
Organisch-Chemisches Institut der Universität Münster, Germany.
Top Curr Chem. 2013;332:45-83. doi: 10.1007/128_2012_373.
Intramolecular vicinal and geminal frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) featuring bulky substituents at phosphorus or nitrogen and strongly electron-withdrawing bulky pentafluorophenyl substituents at boron undergo a variety of addition and/or activation reactions with small molecules. A number of examples of such reactions are presented and discussed, among them the FLP activation of dihydrogen to give zwitterionic phosphonium (or ammonium)/hydridoborate zwitterions. Intramolecular FLPs also add to organic carbonyl compounds (including carbon dioxide), to alkenes and alkynes (including conjugated dienes, diynes or enynes), to heterocumulenes, to azides, and to nitric oxide.
在磷或氮上带有庞大取代基且在硼上带有强吸电子的庞大五氟苯基取代基的分子内邻位和偕位受阻路易斯对（FLP）与小分子发生各种加成和/或活化反应。本文给出并讨论了许多此类反应的例子，其中包括FLP使氢气活化生成两性离子鏻（或铵）/氢硼化阴离子两性离子。分子内FLP还可加成到有机羰基化合物（包括二氧化碳）、烯烃和炔烃（包括共轭二烯、二炔或烯炔）、杂累积多烯、叠氮化物和一氧化氮上。
