Salomon F, Körprich R, Biscoping J, Strobel J
Abteilung Anaesthesiologie und Operative Intensivmedizin, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Giessen.
Klin Monbl Augenheilkd. 1990 Jan;196(1):26-9. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1046123.
Local anesthetics injected retrobulbarly are detectable in the aqueous humor. From 40 patients who received a total dose of 140 mg lidocaine, 15 mg bupivacaine, and 30 mg etidocaine, samples of aqueous humor were taken between 30 and 90 minutes after administration (average 57 minutes). The mean lidocaine concentration was 1.02 micrograms/ml, that of bupivacaine 0.075 micrograms/ml. Etidocaine, used only for facial nerve block in front of the ear, could not be detected in the aqueous humor. All three substances were found in the central venous blood. It therefore appears unlikely that any of them are transported via the blood-aqueous barrier, whether actively or passively. Local anesthetics can inhibit corneal cell proliferation and result in lens opacification when administered into the conjunctival sac. It may be that local anesthetics detected in the aqueous humor have similar effects resulting from contact with the cornea and lens.
球后注射的局部麻醉药可在房水中检测到。从40例接受了总量为140mg利多卡因、15mg布比卡因和30mg依替卡因的患者中，在给药后30至90分钟（平均57分钟）采集房水样本。利多卡因的平均浓度为1.02微克/毫升，布比卡因的平均浓度为0.075微克/毫升。仅用于耳前面神经阻滞的依替卡因在房水中未被检测到。在中心静脉血中发现了所有这三种物质。因此，它们中的任何一种似乎都不太可能通过血-房水屏障进行主动或被动转运。局部麻醉药注入结膜囊时可抑制角膜细胞增殖并导致晶状体混浊。房水中检测到的局部麻醉药可能因与角膜和晶状体接触而产生类似的作用。
