O'Boyle M W, Benbow C P
Department of Psychology, Iowa State University, Ames 50011-32180.
Neuropsychologia. 1990;28(2):211-6. doi: 10.1016/0028-3932(90)90102-t.
In the present study, intellectually precocious and average ability youths performed a dichotic listening task (Experiment 1) and a free-vision chimeric face task (Experiment 2). Patterns of hemispheric lateralization and the relative involvement of the left and right hemispheres during cognitive processing were assessed. In Experiment 1, the average ability youths demonstrated a right ear/left hemisphere (re/LH) superiority for identification of CV syllables, while the gifted subjects failed to show any ear/hemisphere advantage. In Experiment 2, members of both groups tended to judge the leftside smile/rightside neutral half-faces as "happier", a pattern indicative of enhanced right hemisphere (RH) arousal. Notably, the degree of RH involvement was significantly greater in the gifted as compared to average ability youths. Moreover, laterality scores of the precocious on the chimeric face task correlated with their performance on the College Board Scholastic Aptitude test (SAT), i.e. the greater the leftward bias, the higher the SAT score. These findings, taken in composite, suggest that a high level of RH involvement during cognitive processing may be related to intellectual precocity.
在本研究中，智力早熟和能力一般的青少年进行了双耳分听任务（实验1）和自由视觉嵌合面孔任务（实验2）。评估了半球侧化模式以及认知加工过程中左右半球的相对参与情况。在实验1中，能力一般的青少年在识别CV音节时表现出右耳/左半球（re/LH）优势，而资优受试者未表现出任何耳/半球优势。在实验2中，两组成员都倾向于将左侧微笑/右侧中性半脸判断为“更快乐”，这一模式表明右半球（RH）兴奋增强。值得注意的是，与能力一般的青少年相比，资优青少年的右半球参与程度明显更高。此外，早熟者在嵌合面孔任务上的侧化分数与他们在大学理事会学业能力测试（SAT）中的表现相关，即向左的偏向越大，SAT分数越高。综合这些发现表明，认知加工过程中高水平的右半球参与可能与智力早熟有关。
