智力超常和典型发育的记忆系统的神经解剖学差异。
Neuroanatomical differences in the memory systems of intellectual giftedness and typical development.
机构信息
Department ofPsychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA, 635 Charles E Young Dr, South, Los Angeles, CA, 90025, USA.
出版信息
Brain Behav. 2021 Nov;11(11):e2348. doi: 10.1002/brb3.2348. Epub 2021 Oct 14.
INTRODUCTION
Studying neuro-structural markers of intellectual giftedness (IG) will inform scientific understanding of the processes helping children excel academically.
METHODS
Structural and diffusion-weighted MRI was used to compare regional brain shape and connectivity of 12 children with average to high average IQ and 18 IG children, defined as having IQ greater than 145.
RESULTS
IG had larger subcortical structures and more robust white matter microstructural organization between those structures in regions associated with explicit memory. TD had more connected, larger subcortical structures in regions associated with implicit memory.
CONCLUSIONS
It was found that the memory systems within brains of children with exceptional intellectual abilities are differently sized and connected compared to the brains of typically developing children. These different neurodevelopmental trajectories suggest different learning strategies. A spectrum of intelligence types is envisioned, facilitated by different ratios of implicit and explicit system, which was validated using a large external dataset.
引言
研究智力超常（IG）的神经结构标志物将有助于科学理解帮助儿童在学术上取得优异成绩的过程。
方法
使用结构和扩散加权 MRI 比较了 12 名平均至高平均智商和 18 名智商大于 145 的 IG 儿童的区域脑形状和连接。
结果
IG 在与外显记忆相关的区域中具有更大的皮质下结构和更强大的白质微观结构组织，而 TD 在与内隐记忆相关的区域中具有更多连接的、更大的皮质下结构。
结论
研究发现，与正常发育的儿童相比，具有非凡智力能力的儿童的大脑中的记忆系统在大小和连接上存在差异。这些不同的神经发育轨迹表明了不同的学习策略。通过使用大型外部数据集验证了不同的内隐和外显系统比率，设想了一个智力类型的范围。
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