JMI Laboratories, North Liberty, IA 52317, USA.
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2013 Jan;75(1):86-8. doi: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2012.06.005. Epub 2012 Nov 10.
Ceftaroline, the active metabolite of the prodrug ceftaroline fosamil, is a novel cephalosporin exhibiting in vitro bactericidal activity against Gram-positive organisms, including Streptococcus pneumoniae and methicillin-susceptible and -resistant Staphylococcus aureus, as well as common Gram-negative organisms. The objective of this study was to determine the spectrum and potency of ceftaroline against recent leading pathogens causing community-acquired respiratory tract infections (CARTI) isolated in Europe. A total of 1563 isolates from the 2010 Assessing Worldwide Antimicrobial Resistance Evaluation (AWARE) Program were identified as CARTI pathogens by the infection type and/or specimen type recorded by the participating laboratory. Isolates were collected from patients in 52 medical centers located in 19 European countries (including Israel and Turkey). Susceptibility testing for ceftaroline and commonly used antimicrobials was performed by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) broth microdilution methodology. Susceptibility interpretations for comparators were as published in CLSI and the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing guidelines, and for ceftaroline US-FDA breakpoints were also applied. Ceftaroline was very active overall against 799 S. pneumoniae (MIC(50/90,) ≤ 0.008/0.12 μg/mL) and inhibited 100.0% of all isolates at a MIC ≤ 0.5 μg/mL. Ceftaroline was very potent against penicillin-resistant (CLSI oral penicillin V breakpoints) and -intermediate S. pneumoniae (MIC(50/90), 0.12/0.25 and 0.03/0.12 μg/mL, respectively), but potency was lower than observed against penicillin-susceptible isolates (MIC(50/90), ≤ 0.008/≤ 0.008 μg/mL). Ceftaroline was also very active (MIC(50/90), ≤ 0.008/0.015 μg/mL) against 515 Haemophilus influenzae, including β-lactamase-producing strains (MIC(50/90), 0.015/0.06 μg/mL). Ceftaroline also demonstrated good activity against 205 Moraxella catarrhalis isolates (MIC(50/90), 0.06/0.12 μg/mL). This study demonstrated the potent in vitro activity of ceftaroline against contemporary pathogens isolated from patients with documented CARTI from Europe. These data suggest that ceftaroline fosamil has an acceptable in vitro spectrum and potency against CARTI pathogens.
头孢洛林是前体药物头孢洛林磷酸酯的活性代谢物，是一种新型头孢菌素，具有体外杀菌活性，可对抗革兰氏阳性菌，包括肺炎链球菌和甲氧西林敏感和耐药金黄色葡萄球菌，以及常见的革兰氏阴性菌。本研究旨在确定头孢洛林对欧洲 2010 年评估全球抗菌药物耐药性评估（AWARE）项目中分离的导致社区获得性呼吸道感染（CARTI）的主要病原体的谱和效力。共有 1563 株分离株被鉴定为通过参与实验室记录的感染类型和/或标本类型引起的 CARTI 病原体。分离株来自位于 19 个欧洲国家（包括以色列和土耳其）的 52 个医疗中心的患者。通过临床和实验室标准协会（CLSI）肉汤微量稀释方法对头孢洛林和常用抗菌药物的敏感性进行测试。比较物的药敏解释如 CLSI 和欧洲抗菌药物敏感性试验委员会指南中所述，头孢洛林的美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）断点也适用。头孢洛林对 799 株肺炎链球菌（MIC50/90，≤0.008/0.12μg/ml）总体非常活跃，所有分离株在 MIC≤0.5μg/ml 时抑制率为 100.0%。头孢洛林对青霉素耐药（CLSI 口服青霉素 V 断点）和中介度肺炎链球菌（MIC50/90，0.12/0.25 和 0.03/0.12μg/ml，分别）非常有效，但效力低于对青霉素敏感的分离株（MIC50/90，≤0.008/≤0.008μg/ml）。头孢洛林对 515 株流感嗜血杆菌（包括产β-内酰胺酶菌株）也非常活跃（MIC50/90，≤0.008/0.015μg/ml）。头孢洛林对 205 株卡他莫拉菌分离株也表现出良好的活性（MIC50/90，0.06/0.12μg/ml）。本研究表明，头孢洛林对欧洲有记录的 CARTI 患者分离的当代病原体具有强大的体外活性。这些数据表明，头孢洛林磷酸酯在体外对 CARTI 病原体具有可接受的谱和效力。
