Department of Natural Resources & Environmental Management, Graduate School of Management, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa 31905, Israel.
Sci Total Environ. 2012 Dec 15;441:265-76. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.09.054. Epub 2012 Nov 10.
The relationship between exposure to petroleum products and cancer is well-established in occupational studies carried out among employees of transportation and oil-producing industries. However, question remains whether living near petroleum storage facilities may represent a cancer risk. In the present study, we examined cancer incidence rates associated with residential proximity to the Kiryat Haim industrial zone in Northern Israel, using different analytical techniques and adjusting for several potential confounders, such as road proximity, population density, smoking rates and socio-demographic attributes.
Both traditional zonal approaches and more recently developed Double Kernel Density (DKD) tools were used to estimate relative risks of lung and NHL cancers attributed to residential proximity to the petroleum storage site.
Zonal approaches based on comparing ASRs across small census areas (SCAs) did not detect any significant association between residential proximity to the industrial zone and the two types of cancers under study (P>0.2). In contrast, the DKD approach revealed that the relative density of both lung and NHL cancers declined in line with distances from the industrial zone, especially among the elderly (Lung: t>-12.0; P<0.01; NHL: t>-9.0; P<0.01), adjusted for proximity to main roads, population density, smoking rate, average income, and several other potential confounders.
Living near petroleum storage sites may represent significant cancer risk which cannot always be detected by traditional zonal approaches commonly used in epidemiological studies, especially if the number of census areas available for the analysis is small.
在对运输和石油生产行业的员工进行的职业研究中，已经充分证实了接触石油产品与癌症之间的关系。然而，人们仍然怀疑居住在石油储存设施附近是否可能带来癌症风险。在本研究中，我们使用不同的分析技术并调整了几个潜在的混杂因素，例如道路接近度、人口密度、吸烟率和社会人口统计学属性，研究了居住与以色列北部的海姆工业园区的接近程度与癌症发病率之间的关系，这些癌症包括肺癌和非霍奇金淋巴瘤。
我们使用了传统的分区方法和最近开发的双核密度（DKD）工具，来估计归因于居住与石油储存地的接近程度的肺癌和 NHL 癌症的相对风险。
基于比较小普查区（SCA）的 ASR 的分区方法并未发现居住与工业园区的接近程度与研究的两种癌症之间存在任何显著关联（P>0.2）。相比之下，DKD 方法表明，两种癌症（尤其是老年人）的相对密度都随着与工业园区的距离而下降，尤其是肺癌（t>-12.0；P<0.01；NHL：t>-9.0；P<0.01），调整了主要道路接近度、人口密度、吸烟率、平均收入和其他几个潜在混杂因素。
居住在石油储存设施附近可能代表着显著的癌症风险，而传统的分区方法通常用于流行病学研究，尤其是在可用于分析的普查区数量较少的情况下，可能无法检测到这种风险。
