Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, 3-591 ECHA, 11,405 87th Avenue, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1C9, Canada.
Int J Health Geogr. 2017 Nov 28;16(1):43. doi: 10.1186/s12942-017-0117-5.
The geography of where pregnant mothers live is important for understanding outdoor environmental habitat that may result in adverse birth outcomes. We investigated whether more babies were born small for gestational age or low birth weight at term to mothers living in environments with a higher accumulation of outdoor hazards.
Live singleton births from the Alberta Perinatal Health Program, 2006-2012, were classified according to birth outcome, and used in a double kernel density estimation to determine ratios of each outcome per total births. Individual and overlay indices of spatial models of 136 air emissions and 18 land variables were correlated with the small for gestational age and low birth weight at term, for the entire province and sub-provincially.
There were 24 air substances and land sources correlated with both small for gestational age and low birth weight at term density ratios. On the provincial scale, there were 13 air substances and 2 land factors; sub-provincial analysis found 8 additional air substances and 1 land source.
This study used a combination of multiple outdoor variables over a large geographic area in an objective model, which may be repeated over time or in other study areas. The air substance-weighted index best identified where mothers having abnormally small newborns lived within areas of potential outdoor hazards. However, individual air substances and the weighted index provide complementary information.
孕妇居住环境的地理位置对于了解可能导致不良出生结果的户外环境栖息地非常重要。我们研究了生活在户外危害积聚较高环境中的母亲所生的婴儿是否有较小的胎儿期年龄或足月低出生体重。
根据出生结果对 2006 年至 2012 年艾伯塔省围产期健康计划中的活单胎出生进行分类，并使用双核密度估计来确定每个结果与总出生数的比例。个体和空间模型的叠加指数对 136 种空气排放物和 18 种土地变量进行了相关分析，以确定整个省和分区的胎儿期年龄过小和足月低出生体重的比值。
有 24 种空气物质和土地来源与胎儿期年龄过小和足月低出生体重的密度比值相关。在省级范围内，有 13 种空气物质和 2 种土地因素；分区分析发现了另外 8 种空气物质和 1 种土地来源。
本研究在客观模型中使用了大量地理区域的多种户外变量组合，该模型可能会随着时间或在其他研究区域中重复使用。加权指数可识别出空气物质-体重指数中生活在潜在户外危害区域的母亲所生的异常小新生儿。然而，个别空气物质和加权指数提供了互补信息。
