Mosier H D, Jansons R A, Thompson R, Crinella F M, Yu J
Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Irvine 92717.
Pediatr Res. 1990 Feb;27(2):181-5. doi: 10.1203/00006450-199002000-00019.
Bilateral lesions of the globus pallidus, ventrolateral thalamus, substantia nigra, or the median raphe produce a generalized learning deficit in rats. Bilateral lesions of the dorsomedial hypothalamic nuclei stunt growth in rats without significantly disturbing endocrine functions and without producing a generalized learning deficit. Globus pallidus, ventrolateral thalamus, substantia nigra, median raphe, and dorsomedial hypothalamic nuclei lesions were produced in weanling Sprague-Dawley rats to compare their effect on physical growth. At approximately 72 d of age, all lesions had resulted in reduced body wt, tail length, and tibial length. The differences lacked significance only in body wt after median raphe lesions and tail length after ventrolateral thalamus lesions. In rats with the generalized learning deficit, body size was most stunted after substantia nigra lesions. Tibial epiphyseal width was modestly increased in rats with the generalized learning deficit. Food intake/average body wt ratio in substantia nigra and dorsomedial hypothalamic nuclei rats did not differ significantly from control values. Decreases in brain, heart, liver, kidney, and testes tended to occur after all the lesions, but brain and testis organ wt/body wt ratios were either increased or unchanged. We conclude that brain lesions producing a generalized learning deficit in rats result in impaired physical growth. The results indicated that the stunted animals maintain adequate food intake and have normal growth hormone function. The anatomical substrate for generalized learning impairment may overlap with that of a set point for body size.
苍白球、丘脑腹外侧核、黑质或中缝正中的双侧损伤会使大鼠产生全身性学习缺陷。下丘脑背内侧核的双侧损伤会阻碍大鼠生长，但不会显著干扰内分泌功能，也不会导致全身性学习缺陷。在断乳的斯普拉格-道利大鼠中造成苍白球、丘脑腹外侧核、黑质、中缝正中及下丘脑背内侧核损伤，以比较它们对身体生长的影响。在大约72日龄时，所有损伤都导致体重、尾长和胫骨长度减少。仅中缝正中损伤后的体重以及丘脑腹外侧核损伤后的尾长差异不显著。在有全身性学习缺陷的大鼠中，黑质损伤后身体尺寸发育受阻最严重。有全身性学习缺陷的大鼠胫骨骨骺宽度略有增加。黑质和下丘脑背内侧核损伤大鼠的食物摄入量/平均体重比值与对照值无显著差异。所有损伤后，大脑、心脏、肝脏、肾脏和睾丸重量均有下降趋势，但大脑和睾丸器官重量/体重比值要么增加，要么不变。我们得出结论，在大鼠中产生全身性学习缺陷的脑损伤会导致身体生长受损。结果表明，生长发育受阻的动物保持充足的食物摄入量且生长激素功能正常。全身性学习障碍的解剖学基础可能与身体大小设定点的解剖学基础重叠。
