Avettand-Fenoel V, Magny J-F, Ville Y, Leruez-Ville M
Laboratoire de virologie, EA 36-20, centre national de référence du cytomégalovirus, université Paris-Descartes, hôpital Necker-Enfants-Malades, AP-HP, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France.
Arch Pediatr. 2013 Feb;20(2):204-8. doi: 10.1016/j.arcped.2012.10.003. Epub 2012 Nov 15.
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the main cause of congenital infection in industrialized countries. The virological tools used for the diagnosis of congenital CMV are serology for diagnosis of primary infection in the mother, CMV PCR in amniotic fluid for diagnosis of fetal infection, PCR in urine or saliva for neonatal diagnosis and PCR in dried blood spots on Guthrie cards for retrospective diagnosis in young children. The prognostic value of viral load in amniotic fluid, fetal blood and neonatal blood will be discussed. The performance of the virological tests for antenatal or postnatal screening of congenital CMV will also be discussed.
巨细胞病毒（CMV）感染是工业化国家先天性感染的主要原因。用于诊断先天性CMV的病毒学检测方法包括：检测母亲原发性感染的血清学方法；检测胎儿感染的羊水CMV聚合酶链反应（PCR）；用于新生儿诊断的尿液或唾液PCR；以及用于幼儿回顾性诊断的Guthrie卡片干血斑PCR。本文将讨论羊水、胎儿血液和新生儿血液中病毒载量的预后价值。还将讨论先天性CMV产前或产后筛查的病毒学检测性能。
