Department of Biochemistry, Center of Immunity and Infection Lausanne, University of Lausanne Epalinges, Switzerland.
Front Immunol. 2012 Nov 7;3:331. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2012.00331. eCollection 2012.
Research in vitro facilitates discovery, screening, and pilot experiments, often preceding research in vivo. Several technical difficulties render Dendritic Cell (DC) research particularly challenging, including the low frequency of DC in vivo, thorough isolation requirements, and the vulnerability of DC ex vivo. Critically, there is not as yet a widely accepted human or murine DC line and in vitro systems of DC research are limited. In this study, we report the generation of new murine DC lines, named MutuDC, originating from cultures of splenic CD8α conventional DC (cDC) tumors. By direct comparison to normal WT splenic cDC subsets, we describe the phenotypic and functional features of the MutuDC lines and show that they have retained all the major features of their natural counterpart in vivo, the splenic CD8α cDC. These features include expression of surface markers Clec9A, DEC205, and CD24, positive response to TLR3 and TLR9 but not TLR7 stimuli, secretion of cytokines, and chemokines upon activation, as well as cross-presentation capacity. In addition to the close resemblance to normal splenic CD8α cDC, a major advantage is the ease of derivation and maintenance of the MutuDC lines, using standard culture medium and conditions, importantly without adding supplementary growth factors or maturation-inducing stimuli to the medium. Furthermore, genetically modified MutuDC lines have been successfully obtained either by lentiviral transduction or by culture of DC tumors originating from genetically modified mice. In view of the current lack of stable and functional DC lines, these novel murine DC lines have the potential to serve as an important auxiliary tool for DC research.
体外研究有助于发现、筛选和初步实验,通常先于体内研究。几项技术难题使树突状细胞(DC)的研究极具挑战性,包括体内 DC 频率低、彻底分离的要求和 DC 体外易损性。关键是,目前还没有被广泛接受的人源或鼠源 DC 系,体外 DC 研究系统也有限。在这项研究中,我们报告了新型鼠源 DC 系 MutuDC 的产生,源自脾 CD8α 常规 DC(cDC)肿瘤的培养。通过与正常 WT 脾 cDC 亚群的直接比较,我们描述了 MutuDC 系的表型和功能特征,并表明它们保留了体内天然对应物脾 CD8α cDC 的所有主要特征。这些特征包括表面标记物 Clec9A、DEC205 和 CD24 的表达、对 TLR3 和 TLR9 但不是 TLR7 刺激的阳性反应、激活时细胞因子和趋化因子的分泌以及交叉呈递能力。除了与正常脾 CD8α cDC 非常相似之外,一个主要的优势是 MutuDC 系的易于衍生和维持,使用标准的培养基和条件,重要的是无需向培养基中添加补充生长因子或成熟诱导刺激物。此外,已经成功获得了经过基因修饰的 MutuDC 系,无论是通过慢病毒转导还是通过源自基因修饰小鼠的 DC 肿瘤的培养。鉴于目前缺乏稳定和功能性的 DC 系,这些新型鼠源 DC 系有可能成为 DC 研究的重要辅助工具。
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