Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge , Trumpington Street Cambridge, CB21PZ United Kingdom.
Environ Sci Technol. 2012 Dec 18;46(24):13048-55. doi: 10.1021/es302433p. Epub 2012 Dec 10.
Our society is addicted to steel. Global demand for steel has risen to 1.4 billion tonnes a year and is set to at least double by 2050, while the steel industry generates nearly a 10th of the world's energy related CO₂ emissions. Meeting our 2050 climate change targets would require a 75% reduction in CO₂ emissions for every tonne of steel produced and finding credible solutions is proving a challenge. The starting point for understanding the environmental impacts of steel production is to accurately map the global steel supply chain and identify the biggest steel flows where actions can be directed to deliver the largest impact. In this paper we present a map of global steel, which for the first time traces steel flows from steelmaking, through casting, forming, and rolling, to the fabrication of final goods. The diagram reveals the relative scale of steel flows and shows where efforts to improve energy and material efficiency should be focused.
我们的社会对钢铁有着严重的依赖。全球每年对钢铁的需求已上升至 14 亿吨，并有望在 2050 年至少翻一番，而钢铁行业产生的能源相关二氧化碳排放量几乎占全球的十分之一。要实现我们 2050 年的气候变化目标，就需要将每吨钢的二氧化碳排放量减少 75%，而找到可信的解决方案正被证明是一项挑战。要了解钢铁生产对环境的影响，首先要准确绘制全球钢铁供应链图，并确定最大的钢铁流动量，以便采取行动产生最大影响。在本文中，我们展示了一张全球钢铁地图，该地图首次追踪了从炼钢到铸造、成型和轧制，再到最终产品制造的钢铁流动过程。该图揭示了钢铁流动的相对规模，并显示了应该集中精力提高能源和材料效率的地方。
