Cheron G, Rambaud C, Bonnefont J P, Rouzioux C, Lavaud J, Saudubray J M, Nezelof C
Département de Pédiatrie, Hôpital des Enfants-Malades, Paris.
Ann Pediatr (Paris). 1990 Jan;37(1):9-12.
Over the last 20 years, the sudden infant death syndrome has become the leading cause of death in infants aged one month to one year in developed countries. The SIDS Referral Centers set up in France have been assigned the task of performing thorough clinical, metabolic, infectious and histologic studies. This post-mortem evaluation, whose results are difficult to interpret, is undertaken in an attempt to discriminate between the multiple causes of conditions present at the time of death. This classification task will improve the definition of a number of risk factors. Among these factors, prematurity, perinatal distress requiring resuscitation, and an unfavorable sociocultural environment are often mentioned. Other factors, including intrauterine growth retardation, dysmorphic disorders, impaired regulation of ventilation, heart rhythm anomalies, and inherited defects in fatty acid metabolism are still under study since they are all infrequent. Various combinations of these factors may result in increased vulnerability to stress during the first months of life, the period when SIDS is most common. This ongoing research is indispensable for providing advice and support of the family and developing appropriate individual preventive measures for newborn SIDS siblings.
在过去20年里，婴儿猝死综合征已成为发达国家1个月至1岁婴儿的首要死因。法国设立的婴儿猝死综合征转诊中心被赋予了开展全面临床、代谢、感染及组织学研究的任务。这种尸检评估结果难以解读，其目的是试图区分死亡时存在的多种病因。这项分类工作将完善一些风险因素的定义。在这些因素中，早产、需要复苏的围产期窘迫以及不利的社会文化环境常被提及。其他因素，包括宫内生长迟缓、畸形疾病、通气调节受损、心律异常以及脂肪酸代谢的遗传缺陷，由于都不常见，仍在研究中。这些因素的各种组合可能导致在生命的最初几个月，即婴儿猝死综合征最常见的时期，对压力的易感性增加。这项正在进行的研究对于为家庭提供建议和支持以及为有婴儿猝死综合征的新生儿同胞制定适当的个体预防措施而言不可或缺。
